Creffield and the Holy Rollers made page one headlines from 1903 to 1907. When I was researching Holy Rollers: Murder and Madness in Oregon’s Love Cult I spent months transcribing hundreds of articles. I’m not sure why I was so obsessive. Maybe it was my way of immersing my self into a cult without joining one. Anyway, I’m posting them all for those who are really interested in the story, or are interested the history of journalism, or are interested in how a scandalous story played out in the "media" in a by gone era. Since I no doubt made typos and unconsciously corrected papers' typos, these web pages should not be cited in anything serious (e.g. your dissertation). For such projects they should only be used as starting points and you should refer to the original sources. If you want a shorter version of the story, buy my book. Enjoy.
Oregon Daily Journal (Portland)
July 14, 1906: Women
Are Both Charged With Murder
Jason Haines, Tim Crabtree, Ed Vilderman & Brighid Thomas
George, Perry, Fred and Esther Mitchell
Oregon Daily Journal (Portland) 7/14/1906 p1
Esther Mitchell, Maud Creffield Are Both Charged With
Murder
Two Women To Answer For Crime
The Public Demands Punishment of Those Guilty to End Epidemic of Murders.
Public Subscription Being Taken to Send Destitute
Mitchell Boys to Their Oregon Home--Esther’s Father Says Girl is Not to
Blame--Is Hypnotized.
(Journal Special Service)
Seattle, July 14.--The charge of murder in the first degree was placed
against Esther Mitchell, slayer of her brother George, and Mrs. Creffield, widow
of the Holy Roller, who instigated the crime today. The epidemic of murder here
following the killing of Creffield has caused a cry that summary punishment put
an end to such crimes.
A public subscription is
being taken today to send the Mitchell boys, who are destitute, home to Oregon.
The father of Esther says the girl is not to blame, still being under the
hypnotic influence of Creffield, which began three years ago.
ALONE IN CONSPIRACY
That they alone were in the
conspiracy to kill George Mitchell in the event of his acquittal on the charge
of murdering “Joshua” Creffield and that they are not insane are the steadfast
declarations of both Esther Mitchell and Maud Hurt Creffield. Neither will
admit of entering an insanity plea in their behalf and both are emphatic in
their denials that any member of the Creffield band of Holy Rollers other than
themselves was aware that George Mitchell was to be murdered.
For weeks the plot had been formulated by the two young women, but it was
a dark secret in their possession, as they feared that some hint of it might
get to Mitchell or the authorities if they took anyone into their confidence.
Mrs. Creffield in speaking of the plot said that “Esther was much more
secretive in nature than she, and that the young murderess constantly
admonished her not to let a hint of the plot get abroad.
EXAMINED FOR INSANITY
Examinations of the women
for insanity commenced last evening and will be continued for some time. Dr.
McLeish former superintendent of the asylum for insane at Steilacoom, and his
former assistant, Dr. J. B. Loughary, are making the tests. They will study the
two prisoners closely for some time to come in an effort to discover the true
state of their minds, but will not make a report until their tests are completed.
Esther Mitchell faces her
fate calmly, apparently having no fear of the gallows. Mrs. Creffield expressed
her anxiety at the possibility of hanging but says that life imprisonment would
have no terrors for her, as she does not care for her liberty now that her
husband is dead.
In speaking of her brother
whom she murdered, Esther Mitchell does not show the slightest feeling. She
says that as the law would no punish him for his slaying of Creffield she had
to do it. Creffield, she says, was a holy man, while her brother was defiled.
FATHER IN DAYTON
Ever known as a girl of strong will, Esther Mitchell does not belie her reputation now.
She desires to shield Mrs. Creffield, and in all her statements regarding the
murder of her brother attempts to take the entire blame for the crime.
Word comes from Dayton,
Wash., where Charles Mitchell, father of the murderess and her victim, is
visiting a son, that he will not return to Seattle for
his daughter’s trial. He says she is under a hypnotic spell cast over her by
the Creffields and that he can do nothing to save her.
An autopsy
of the brain of George Mitchell has been made by local physicians. They state that they find his brain was perfectly
balanced and that there is no sign of mental weakness.
Although the girl herself
refused to admit that she is unbalanced mentally or was at the time of the
murder, Attorneys Morris and Shipley, the lawyers who defended George Mitchell
in his trial for killing Creffield, have issued a signed statement to the
effect that they believe the girl was insane and asking that both women receive
fair treatment.
Aside from the attorneys the
brothers, Fred and Perry Mitchell, appear to be the only people in sympathy
with the murderess. Perry Mitchell is completely upset by the death of his
brother and Fred keeps constant watch over him.
Oregon Daily Journal (Portland) 7/14/1906 p8
Both Killed in Same Way
Bullet Entered Mitchell’s Head Nearly Same Place He
Hit Creffield.
(Special Dispatch to The
Journal.)
Seattle, Wash., July 14.--That George Mitchell was sane at the time he shot apostle
“Joshua” Creffield is the opinion of the surgeon who performed the autopsy upon
Mitchell’s body at the morgue of Bonney, Watson & Co. late yesterday
afternoon. Mitchell’s brain was removed and found to be well
developed. The convolutions were almost perfect.
The surgeons, among whom was Dr. Loughary, expert on insanity and former
assistant superintendent of the state asylum for the insane at Steilacoom,
declare that if Mitchell had ever been insane his brain would not have been in
such perfect condition. It was perfectly normal.
Within one inch of the spot
at which the bullet from George Mitchell’s revolver entered Creffield’s head,
that of his sister entered his. Esther Mitchell declared that she intended to
hit her brother at exactly the same spot that his bullet his Creffield, because
she knew his death would be certain. The bullet from her revolver entered
Mitchell’s head on about a level with the center lobe of the right ear. The
bullet that killed Creffield entered about an inch higher in a straight line.
The autopsy showed that the
bullet tore through the skull and lodged in the right jawbone. The carotid
artery was cut and death resulted from a hemorrhage. The skull was badly
fractured.
Los Angeles Herald 7/14/1906 p1
Sisters Discuss Murder Details
Special to
The Herald.
“We did not talk to anybody
about it,” said Mrs. Creffield tonight. “We were afraid if we did that someone
would talk too much and we would be prevented.
“Esther does not talk as much as I do, and after we had decided to kill George, she came to me time after time and warned me about telling our plans to anyone else. Mrs. Burgess Starr, a sister of Esther and George, was the one person above all others that we tried to keep in ignorance. Esther knew that she could not keep a secret and she kept warning me not to let her know anything about our plans. No one but Esther and I knew what we were going to do.”
Chapter 23: Seeking Reconciliation
Chapter 24: Another Holy Roller Page One Murder
***
Seattle Star July 14, 1906: Mitchell
Boys Are Done With Esther
Seattle Times July 14, 1906: Brothers
Refuse to Aid Esther Mitchell
Seattle Post Intelligencer July 14, 1906: Post Mortem Shows
Mitchell Had Normal Brain
Evening Telegram (Portland) July14, 1906: Family Deserts the Murderess
Oregon Daily Journal (Portland) July 14, 1906: Women
Are Both Charged With Murder
***
July 13, 1906: Esther Mitchell Kills Her Brother!
July 15, 1906: Hurt Will Come to Aid of His Daughter
***
Newspaper Articles about Creffield & the Holy Rollers
1897-1903: B.C. (Before Creffield)
October to December 1903:Holy Rollers Burn Furniture & Pets
January to March, 1904: Holy Rollers Tarred and Feathered
April to June 1904: Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum
July 1904: Creffield is Found & Arrested
September 1904: Creffield's Trial
April 1906: Men are Gunning For Creffield
May 1906: Creffield is Murdered, Murderer is Considered a Hero
May 1906: Holy Rollers Found Starving Near Heceta Head
June 1906: George Mitchell's Trial Begins
July 1906: Hurt Testifies of Debauched Wife and Debased Sisters
July 1906: Esther Mitchell Kills Her Brother
August to October 1906: Seattle Prepares for another Big Trial
November 1906: Maud Hurt Creffield Commits Suicide
April 1909-August 1914: Esther Leaves the Asylum
1953 Stewart Holbrook's Murder Without Tears
1951Startling Detective Magazine, Nemesis of the Nudist High Priest
***
Chapters from
Holy Rollers: Murder & Madness in Oregon's Love Cult
Part 1: The Seduction
Chapter 1: Trust Me, Brothers And Sisters
(Life Before Creffield [B.C.])
Chapter 2: God, Save Us From Compromising Preachers
(Creffield's Preachings)
Chapter 3: The Flock
(Profiles of the Holy Rollers Were)
Chapter 4: The Holy Rollers
(Things Start to Get Wild on on Kiger Island)
Chapter 5: Housecleaning
(There's a Sacrificial Bonfire)
Chapter 6: Community Concerns
(Officers Visit)
Chapter 7: Esther, The Chosen One
(Creffield Plans to Marry 16-Year- Old)
Chapter 8: Tar and Feathers
(The Men of Corvallis Act)
Chapter 9: Sane People Don’t Go Bareheaded
(Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum)
Chapter 10: More Beast Than Man
( Creffield is Arrested)
Chapter 11: God Will Plead Creffield's Case
(Creffield in Court)
Chapter 12: Scandal
(Shocking Testimony at the Trial)
Chapter 13: Calm Before the Storm
(The Holy Rollers Resume their Lives)
Chapter 14: Giving Up The Ghost
(Men are Gunning for Creffield)
Part Two: The People V. Creffield
Chapter 16: The Widow Creffield
Chapter 19: An Inherited Streak of Insanity
Part Three: The Madness
Chapter 23: Seeking Reconciliation
Chapter 24: Another Holy Roller Page One Murder
Chapter 25: What Can Papa Do For You?
Chapter 26: Human Life is Too Cheap In This Community
Chapter 30: The Final Chapter
(What Happened to Everyone Afterwards)
The Epilogue
(Heaven's Gate)