Creffield and the Holy Rollers made page one headlines from 1903 to 1907. When I was researching Holy Rollers: Murder and Madness in Oregon’s Love Cult I spent months transcribing hundreds of articles. I’m not sure why I was so obsessive. Maybe it was my way of immersing my self into a cult without joining one. Anyway, I’m posting them all for those who are really interested in the story, or are interested the history of journalism, or are interested in how a scandalous story played out in the "media" in a by gone era. Since I no doubt made typos and unconsciously corrected papers' typos, these web pages should not be cited in anything serious (e.g. your dissertation). For such projects they should only be used as starting points and you should refer to the original sources. If you want a shorter version of the story, buy my book. Enjoy.
Seattle Star
July 14, 1906: Mitchell
Boys Are Done With Esther
Seattle Star 7/14/1906 p1
Mitchell Boys Are Done With Esther
“Let Her Get Her Own Attorney. We Don’t Want to See
Her Again,” Is Their Reply to Inquiry as to Their Intentions---Wish to Leave
City Tomorrow to Take Brother’s Body to Mother’s Grave.
“Let Esther get her own
attorney. We do not want to see her again!”
Thus spoke Fred and Perry
Mitchell this morning, when asked whether they intended to stay and help their
sister. The girl who murdered her own brother has quite evidently lost herself
forever from the two brothers who should be nearest and dearest to her.
“That is a hard question to
answer,” continued Perry Mitchell after a moment’s thought. “But I do not
believe that I ever want to see the girl again. I cannot realize yet that she
killed George.
SHAKES HIS HEAD
Fred Mitchell answered the
query with a negative shake of his head. His action bespoke a firmness and
determination that showed what ever brotherly affection he might have had was
quenched when Esther Mitchell fired the shot that brought her brother’s life to
such a tragic end.
The only plan which the two
Mitchell boys have arranged is to take the body of George and bury it in the
little family plot at Newberg, Ore., where their mother lies buried. They wish
to leave with the remains tomorrow afternoon, if possible.
“There is a place there for
all of us,” said Fred Mitchell, as he sat on the edge of the bed with his head
buried in his hands. He spoke with resignation and seems to have conquered the
first wild grief which he experienced immediately after the tragedy.
Insanity is the only defense
which Esther Mitchell and Mrs. Creffield can successfully advance when their
trial is heard, according to lawyers who are familiar with the points involved.
There is no such a thing as justifiable homicide in this state, and the only
successful fight which can be made against a charge of murder in the first
degree is to prove mental aberration.
Dr. J. B. Loughary is now
engaged in making an exhaustive examination as to Miss Mitchell’s sanity and
will have the girl under his observation for a short time during each day for a
couple of weeks. The results of this examination, as already stated, will be
made known only to the prosecuting attorney. If the girl is adjudged sane, as
expected, the case will be vigorously prosecuted.
Under the conditions as they
now exist, Prosecuting Attorney Mackintosh looks for one of two things; either
that the girl will be adjudged insane and confined in an asylum, or declared
sane and convicted of the crime of murdering her brother.
Brighid Thomas as Esther Mitchell
NO PLANS MADE
The duty of appointing
attorneys to represent Esther Mitchell and Mrs. Creffield in any defense they
may make will devolve upon the court. In the opinion of attorneys who are
familiar with the case this is the only course which will be open. Neither Mrs.
Creffield or the Mitchell girl appear to have even thought of preparing for any
defense.
Owing to their familiarity
with the trial of George Mitchell it is anticipated that the court will appoint
Attorneys Morris and Shipley for the defense. This is a peculiar position for
the attorneys, who are thus called upon to defend the murderer of the boy whom
they successfully defended on a similar charge previously.
“If we are asked by the
court to defend Esther Mitchell,” said Mr. Shipley today, and his reply was
endorsed by his law partner. “We will, of course, do so as is our sworn duty.
But you can say that we will have nothing to do with the case unless we are
forced to do so by order of the court.”
Seattle Star 7/14/1906 p1
Need Money for Mitchell Funeral
Star Will Receive Contributions To Help Send George’s
Body To Be Buried Beside Mother.
The Star has been appealed
to by many of its readers to accept contributions to aid in defraying the
expense of the care of the body of George Mitchell, and its transportation to
Newberg, Ore., to be buried beside that of his mother.
As already told in the Star,
Fred and Perry Mitchell, the two brothers of the dead man, are in Seattle and
destitute of funds. Friends whom they had hoped to come to their relief seem to
have forgotten them in this hour of their severest trial.
For two days they have
walked about the streets hoping against hope that someone would come to their
aid. But they have walked in vain, and today noon were fearful that their
brother might be sent to a pauper’s grave.
Because of this unfortunate
condition of affairs The Star has consented to accept contributions. Several
have already been made to this office, and these will be credited in Monday’s
paper. Whatever is to be done must be completed by Monday noon, as it is
desired to forward the body at that time to Oregon.
Brighid Thomas as Esther Mitchell
Seattle Star 7/14/1906
Father’s Love is Still Alive
(In a box)
Corvallis, Ore.
Mrs. Creffield,
Care Sheriff Smith,
Seattle, Wash
What can papa do for you,
dear?
O. V. HURT.
___
With sorrow’s leaden hand
upon his aching hear, the father of the woman who planned the killing of George
Mitchell penned the above telegram to his daughter. A simple endearing message
of few words, but it tells of the great love that is welling up in the bosom of
this old man for his erring daughter.
In the twilight of his life,
with the grave the only place where he may hop to forget, this kindly old man
is still “papa.” It matters not that his daughter has gone beyond the pale;
that she has cast him off from her love; that she has plotted murder. She is
still “dear” and he is still “papa.”
Once more, in her hour of
trouble she is the little innocent Maudie of his younger and happier days. She
is the little girl who was his joy and pride before fate marked him for the
cruelest torture in her bountiful store.
His daughter is in trouble,
she is suffering, and who should attend her with loving care? Thus reasoned the
noble old man who had (illegible) shame and humiliation to the last bitter
dregs. His daughter has brought ignominy on his name, and glories in her
transgression. She has spurned his fatherly love to follow a beast; base
ingratitude has been her return for fatherly devotion--and yet the old man
loves her.
Up in the county jail sits
Mrs. Creffield, calm, self-possessed, without a worry for herself or anyone.
Not one thought of the old heart overfull with woe, in her girlhood home,
disturbs the serenity of this woman.
Satisfied that her revenge
has been accomplished, the monumental selfishness of Mrs. Creffield blots out
every other sentiment of the human heart save the perverted gratitude she shows
Esther Mitchell.
There is never a thought of
the white-haired father who is trembling under his burden of woe, in a
household without honor. On her cot in her cell she sits brooding. Now a smile
flits across her face as before her eyes flit the scenes of the tragedy enacted
in the union depot; again her face hardens, perhaps in memory of that May
morning when her husband fell dead at her feet with a bullet through his brain.
A great sorrow and a great revenge fill her soul and there is little room for a
white-haired father. But to him she is still “dear” and he is still “papa.”
Seattle Star 7/1906 p1
Insanity Plea Is Loophole In Law
George Mitchell Jury Well Knew That Boy Was Never Insane,
But It Was Their Only Means Of Acquitting Him.
The jury that found George
Mitchell not guilty of murder in the killing of Franz Edmund Creffield didn’t
believe that George Mitchell was insane at the time the crime was committed or
at any other time.
This at least is the firm
belief of all those who watched through the 13 days of the trial. All that
Messrs. Shipley and Morris, for the defense, hoped to do was to give the jurors
some excuse for acquitting their client.
THE ONLY ESCAPE
Found not to be insane, it
would have been the sworn duty of the jury to find the defendant guilty of
murder either in the first or the second degree.
The testimony upon which the
defense hoped to secure the acquittal of their client, and upon which they did
secure his acquittal, was that which told of the conduct of Creffield as leader
of the Holy Rollers.
When O. V. Hurt, a kindly
faced man, honest and honorable, and the father of Mrs. Creffield, went on the
stand and told the jury of the wrongs this man Creffield had done to him and
others in his community, it became quite apparent that all the logic and
eloquence of prosecuting Attorney Mackintosh and his deputy, Judge Miller,
might bring to bear upon the case would be of little avail.
HURT’S SAD STORY
Hurt’s story, told while the
tears streamed down his cheeks, a story of a broken home, of wife and daughters
led away from him and ruined, a story of shame and disgrace brought down upon
the family of a man who had always lived a law abiding God Fearing life--made an
impression upon the minds of every juror so deep and indelible that no amount
of argument or evidence could stamp it out.
It was the story and the
stories told by others of the conduct of the Holy Roller chieftain that gave to
George Mitchell his liberty.
“From the introduction of
the first testimony there was never any question as to what the verdict would
be,” one of the jurors has since state.
TO PRESENT TESTIMONY
But to get before the jury
the testimony of Mr. Hurt and the others who told of Creffield it was necessary
that the defense should be made upon the ground of insanity. In no other way
could the jury be enlightened as to the practices of the Holy Rollers. As these
conditions might tend to unbalance the mind of George Mitchell, so they were
admitted in evidence. Whether of not they did unbalance him mentally was of
little moment. It was but the means to an end, and the means were justified.
AFFORDED AN EXCUSE
The jury must be given an
excuse for a verdict of acquittal, and in this way an excuse was given. The
state was powerless to prove to the jury the truth or falsity of these stories
told of Mitchell’s spiritualism and his command from God. As a matter of fact,
that truth or falsity of them did not enter into the case. The question was whether
or not the witnesses had told to George Mitchell these same stories as told
upon the stand.
That Mitchell had every
moral justification for the killing of Creffield was shown to the jury beyond
any doubt, and it was this that secured his acquittal. But that he was insane
at any time prior to committing the deed or at the time the crime was committed
was not made evident to the jury.
COULD HAVE BEEN SAVED
In the light of recent
events it would have been much better had the jury brought in a verdict of
guilty of murder in the first degree. Mitchell would then have been given a
penitentiary sentence, and it is quite probable that after he had served
perhaps not more than a year, that Prosecuting Attorney Mackintosh and his
assistant Judge Miller, would have been among those to petition the governor
for his pardon. He would then have been punished for his crime and would
undoubtedly have escaped the tragic death that came to him last Thursday.
That Esther Mitchell or Mrs.
Creffield are more insane than was George Mitchell is not believed by those who
have talked with them. Their crime differs from that of George Mitchell in that
any moral justification is lacking in the latter killing. They knew what they
were doing, knew that they were committing a crime for which they might go to
the gallows. They have admitted this.
PLANNED TO KILL
They schemed for two days
prior to the killing, waiting and watching for an opportunity. Nothing was done
on the impulse of the moment. Calmly and deliberately, Esther Mitchell walked
up to her brother, hiding beneath her cloak the weapon of death. While his back
was turned to her she fired a distance of but two feet, and the brother fell to
the floor and expired almost immediately.
There is but one defense for
her crime and for Mrs. Creffield, equally guilty, and that is insanity. And in
this connection may be used the quotation from a decision handed down by Judge
Orange Jacobs, when that gentleman was chief justice of the superior court of
this state, quoted by Prosecuting Attorney Mackintosh in his address to the
jury in the Mitchell trial:
The world has had quite
enough of that kind of insanity that begins just as the sight of the barrel of
a pistol marks a mortal spot on the body of the victim, and ends as soon as the
bulled has sped on its fatal mission.”
HEADLINES IN
PAPERS FOR THE SAME ARTICLE
Seattle Star 7/14/1906 p3
Doesn’t Blame His Daughter
Father Of Esther Mitchell Says She Is Under
Creffield’s Hypnotic Influence, Having Been Fond Of Dead Brother.
Evening Telegram (Portland) 7/14/1906 p1
Esther Hypnotized, He Says
Father Says She Should Not Be Punished for Murder
DAYTON, Wash., July 14.--”My
daughter Esther is not responsible for the killing of her brother George. She
has been under the hypnotic influence of Franz Edmund Creffield for three years
and this influence continued after Creffield’s death.”
This is the statement of
Charles Mitchell, father of the principals in Thursday’s tragedy at Seattle. He
was in Dayton yesterday on the way back to Illinois, remaining here to visit
his son Perley.
WILL NOT COME HERE
When informed of the murder
of his son by the boy’s sister, Mitchell declared he would not return to
Seattle, as his daughter was thoroughly under the influence of the Creffield’s
and his presence would accomplish no good.
“Never did a girl think more
of a brother than did my daughter. Creffield taught her, as he did hundreds of
other girls, to submit to his wishes to purge her of sin. He threatened girls
who would not submit with the vengeance of God. He was educated as a priest,
but studied hypnotism.
REVOLTING PRACTICES
“Creffield was accustomed to
get females into his rooms, put them under hypnotic influences and have them
strip off their clothing, roll on the floor and submit to his every demand. He
was not satisfied with ruining young girls, but caused them to go through most
debasing actions. He was sent to the Oregon penitentiary, but after being
released resumed his original orgies.
“I do not think my daughter
should be punished for killing her brother, because she was undoubtedly under
hypnotic influence. Mrs. Creffield was a hypnotist also.”
Seattle Star 7/14/1906 p1
Women Have No Defense Plans
Esther Mitchell and Mrs.
Creffield spent a quiet night in their cells in the county jail last night.
Esther occupied a cell next to the office while the wife of the leader of the
“Holy rollers” is in the woman’s ward.
There is nothing about the
actions of either that would go to show that they experience any remorse over
the affair.
Mrs. Creffield stated to a
reporter for The Star that as yet no arrangements had been made to secure the
services of an attorney, and that no plans for the future had been considered.
From all appearances it would seem that both Esther and Mrs. Creffield will
permit the law to take its course with no thought or consideration for the
outcome.
Seattle Star 7/14/1906 p1
Flowers Deck Body of Boy
Floral offerings decked the
body of George Mitchell on the slab in the morgue today. At an early hour this
morning the stream of visitors began and continued practically all day without
intermission.
The great majority of those
who go to see Mitchell’s body are women and not a few of them bring bouquets.
Long before the noon hour arrived the room was banked with flowers.
Many of those who brought
bouquets are women past the middle age of life and their flowers quite
evidently come from the home gardens. There was a profuse display of sweet
peas, nasturtiums, and other old-fashioned varieties.
Seattle Star 7/14/1906 p1
File Charges Next Week
Owing to the press of other
matters today, Prosecuting Attorney Mackintosh announced that he would not be
able to file the formal charges of murder against Esther Mitchell and Mrs.
Creffield until Monday or Tuesday.
“We will proceed to make the
charge as quickly as possible,” said Mr. Mackintosh, “and it will not be until
October that the trial can come up. The prosecution will do its duty in this,
as any other case where the law has been violated.”
Seattle Star 7/14/1906 p1
Dr. Haynes Roasts Seattle Reporter
TACOMA, July 14.--That
George Mitchell was justified in the murder of Edmund Creffield was declared
preposterous by Rev. Myron D. Haynes, pastor of the First Baptist church of
Seattle, in an address before the Tacoma district Baptist Young People’s union
last night.
“It is a fearful thing--this
disregard of law”--said the speaker. “Tonight Seattle is agog with a murder
horror. Some weeks ago I stood in my pulpit and declared against the sentiment
that the boy Mitchell, was justified in killing the wretch, Creffield. I said
that the latter was worthy of 1,000 deaths, but that Mitchell had committed a
crime, and should be punished for it.
“A reporter for a Seattle
evening paper, with a brain like a soft-boiled egg, had the foolishness to
quote me as sympathizing with Creffield. That was ridiculous. But when a man
may break a law on our statute books and go scot free, we are in danger of
reaching a state of anarchy.
“Some say they are justified
in not attending church on Sunday because they have worked so hard on the other
six days. This spirit is spreading among our young men. If our present day life
is breeding young men so weak and puny they should be swept out and left in the
mountains to get a little vitalizing air.
“Disguise the fact as we
may, there has been a deterioration in the life of our cities, financially,
socially, politically and religiously, during the past years.
“People feel the need of a
change. The reform is beginning simultaneously at many points. We cannot
ascribe it to any one man, to Folk, to Weaver, to Roosevelt, or any single
citizen. While the reform does not come from the church, yet the leaders are
preeminently Christian men.
“Roosevelt, than whom there
is no greater in the history of America, is doing all in his power to throttle
the abuses to death (illegible). He is a Christian man. Mayor Weaver is a
Christian and a Baptist. Mayor Patterson is a Methodist, and Joseph Folk, the
matchless governor of Missouri is a Baptist.
Seattle Star 7/14/1906 p7
Holy Rollers at Everett
EVERETT, July 14.-- The
police are investigating the report that a small colony of Holy Rollers are to
make their headquarters in this city. If they find the report to be correct,
they intend to force them to leave the city.
Chapter 23: Seeking Reconciliation
Chapter 24: Another Holy Roller Page One Murder
***
Seattle Star July 14, 1906: Mitchell
Boys Are Done With Esther
Seattle Times July 14, 1906: Brothers
Refuse to Aid Esther Mitchell
Seattle Post Intelligencer July 14, 1906: Post Mortem Shows
Mitchell Had Normal Brain
Evening Telegram (Portland) July14, 1906: Family Deserts the Murderess
Oregon Daily Journal (Portland) July 14, 1906: Women
Are Both Charged With Murder
***
July 13, 1906: Esther Mitchell Kills Her Brother!
July 15, 1906: Hurt Will Come to Aid of His Daughter
***
Newspaper Articles about Creffield & the Holy Rollers
1897-1903: B.C. (Before Creffield)
October to December 1903:Holy Rollers Burn Furniture & Pets
January to March, 1904: Holy Rollers Tarred and Feathered
April to June 1904: Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum
July 1904: Creffield is Found & Arrested
September 1904: Creffield's Trial
April 1906: Men are Gunning For Creffield
May 1906: Creffield is Murdered, Murderer is Considered a Hero
May 1906: Holy Rollers Found Starving Near Heceta Head
June 1906: George Mitchell's Trial Begins
July 1906: Hurt Testifies of Debauched Wife and Debased Sisters
July 1906: Esther Mitchell Kills Her Brother
August to October 1906: Seattle Prepares for another Big Trial
November 1906: Maud Hurt Creffield Commits Suicide
April 1909-August 1914: Esther Leaves the Asylum
1953 Stewart Holbrook's Murder Without Tears
1951Startling Detective Magazine, Nemesis of the Nudist High Priest
***
Chapters from
Holy Rollers: Murder & Madness in Oregon's Love Cult
Part 1: The Seduction
Chapter 1: Trust Me, Brothers And Sisters
(Life Before Creffield [B.C.])
Chapter 2: God, Save Us From Compromising Preachers
(Creffield's Preachings)
Chapter 3: The Flock
(Profiles of the Holy Rollers Were)
Chapter 4: The Holy Rollers
(Things Start to Get Wild on on Kiger Island)
Chapter 5: Housecleaning
(There's a Sacrificial Bonfire)
Chapter 6: Community Concerns
(Officers Visit)
Chapter 7: Esther, The Chosen One
(Creffield Plans to Marry 16-Year- Old)
Chapter 8: Tar and Feathers
(The Men of Corvallis Act)
Chapter 9: Sane People Don’t Go Bareheaded
(Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum)
Chapter 10: More Beast Than Man
( Creffield is Arrested)
Chapter 11: God Will Plead Creffield's Case
(Creffield in Court)
Chapter 12: Scandal
(Shocking Testimony at the Trial)
Chapter 13: Calm Before the Storm
(The Holy Rollers Resume their Lives)
Chapter 14: Giving Up The Ghost
(Men are Gunning for Creffield)
Part Two: The People V. Creffield
Chapter 16: The Widow Creffield
Chapter 19: An Inherited Streak of Insanity
Part Three: The Madness
Chapter 23: Seeking Reconciliation
Chapter 24: Another Holy Roller Page One Murder
Chapter 25: What Can Papa Do For You?
Chapter 26: Human Life is Too Cheap In This Community
Chapter 30: The Final Chapter
(What Happened to Everyone Afterwards)
The Epilogue
(Heaven's Gate)