Creffield and the Holy Rollers made page one headlines from 1903 to 1907. When I was researching Holy Rollers: Murder and Madness in Oregon’s Love Cult I spent months transcribing hundreds of articles. I’m not sure why I was so obsessive. Maybe it was my way of immersing my self into a cult without joining one. Anyway, I’m posting them all for those who are really interested in the story, or are interested the history of journalism, or are interested in how a scandalous story played out in the "media" in a by gone era. Since I no doubt made typos and unconsciously corrected papers' typos, these web pages should not be cited in anything serious (e.g. your dissertation). For such projects they should only be used as starting points and you should refer to the original sources. If you want a shorter version of the story, buy my book. Enjoy.
June 28, 1906: Jury Is Secured To Try Mitchell
State and Defense Weed Out Jurors
One half of the
peremptory challenges allowed to state and defendant in the murder trial of
George Mitchell had been exercised, and the places of the men challenged filled
by other men at the time court adjourned for the noon recess today.
The state has
exercised three of its six challenges, and the defense has exercised six of its
twelve, and the nine places thus made vacant had been filled by others called
and examined. The state’s fourth peremptory challenge was exercised shortly
before the noon adjournment and J. W. Bovee, a paperhanger of Dunlap had been called to the box for
examination. He had been examined by the attorneys for the state, but not
examined by the defense.
PROCEEDING DELIBERATELY
In case the
state and the defense choose to exercise all their peremptory challenges, it
will be necessary to accept nine more jury men. Whether
they will do so, neither side is willing to say, so the court is proceeding deliberately
with the examination of jury men called to take the places of those dismissed
under challenge.
During the
morning session of the trial today the state dismissed two jury
men and defense two. The state challenged M. F. White and J. C. Adams,
and the defense challenged Thomas Olin and Chas. Sheldon. The place of White
was taken by J. R. Hall, a cement contractor who lives at Green Lake and who,
after a searching examination and cross-examination, failed to develop any bias
or weakness which could be urged as an objection
against hem. The places of Olin and Sheldon were taken by Clyde Wetmore, a
mechanic of 2206 Rainier boulevard, and George W. Arnold, a painter of 2624 E.
Union st. Before Wetmore was called to the place
vacated by Olin, A. D. Reed was called to the jury box, but was promptly
dismissed when in reply to a question he stated that he had already formed an
opinion concerning the guilt or innocence of the defendant.
EXCUSED UNTIL MONDAY
At the opening
of the trial Judge Frater announced from the bench that all of the witnesses
for the defense would be excused until Monday morning. The attorneys for the
defense objected to this proceeding and asked to have their objections entered
on the records of the court, which was done. After a consultation between the
court and Prosecuting Attorney Mackintosh, this order was rescinded and the
defendant’s witnesses who were in court were instructed to remain in
attendance. The witnesses for the state were dismissed Tuesday morning until
tomorrow morning. It is now anticipated that the taking of testimony will be
begun some time tomorrow.
WOMEN VANISH
The crowd of
women, who attended the sessions of the trial religiously for the first two
days and mysteriously disappeared from the court room yesterday morning,
returned in full force again yesterday, only to disappear this morning again,
with the exception of one or two who remained only a short time after the court
convened.
Morning Oregonian (Portland) 6/28/1906. p1
New Tack Taken By The Defense
Blood Avenged Esther Mitchell’s Ruin.
Plea Of Brother’s Lawyers
Leave Wrong Done Mrs. Starr Out Of Consideration.
Law Had Righted That
Change In Front Due To Attacks By Prosecution--Jury
Not Yet Secured To Try The Slayer Of Creffield.
by George White.
SEATTLE, June 27.--(Staff correspondence.)-- The third day of the Mitchell
Creffield murder trial in the Superior Court failed to be productive of a jury.
Twelve men who can dispassionately decide whether Mitchell is entitled to be
acquitted for avenging the dishonor of his sisters, or to be found guilty of
murder for shooting the Holy Roller prophet down in cold blood are hard to
find. When court closed for the day the case to all intents was in
substantially the same status as at the close of Tuesday’s session.
There were 12
men in the jury box, all had qualified and had been passed for cause, but only
six out of 18 peremptory challenges had been used, and it is known that there
are several talesmen in the jury box who will not be allowed to remain there. When
court convenes again in the morning a peremptory challenge will be issued by
the state, and the tedious work of examining talesmen will be renewed.
MAY TAKE DAYS
MORE
It
is doubted by those conducting the case if the jury will be completed before
the end of the week. The
defense is entitled to eight more peremptory challenges and the state to four. Today
a mere handful of talesmen were examined, an hour or more being devoted to
each. As each talesman that qualified took his seat there would be a breathless
pause in court; for with 12 qualified men in the box the vain hope was
entertained that the challenging would cease.
To those who are
here from Oregon as witnesses this tedious proceeding is particularly
wearisome. All are anxious to have the case get under way so that they may give
their testimony and return to take up their business affairs at home.
There was much
legal quibbling this morning, and also at the afternoon session. An apparent
effort was made by both sides to influence talesmen through statements of the
case adroitly presented in the guise of questions on examination. Judge Frater
finally took a recess, summoned the attorneys to the bench and suggested that
this unheard-of method of examination be dispensed with. It was accordingly
dropped, to a great extent.
NEW PHASE OF
CASE
During the
examination of talesmen late this afternoon a new phase of defense was
developed, one that shoes that Mitchell is even more firmly entrenched than is
generally known. It serves as an offset to the claim of the State that Mitchell
avenged a wrong which had already been righted by the
law when he shot Creffield for the betrayal of Mrs. Starr, his married sister.
Mr. Morris,
counsel for the defendant asserted that it was in protection of his younger
sister, Esther, that Mitchell acted. Having learned the fate of Mrs. Starr, he
feared for the welfare of his younger sister when he found she had been brought
under the bestial influence of the Holy Roller leader. He had tried to divert
her from her determination to follow Creffield, Mr. Morris said. Failing in
this, he killed the man whose blighting influence was luring the girl to ruin.
Regardless of
vigorous protests from the State, Mr. Morris succeeded in presenting this
aspect of the case in the form of a question to M. F. White, the last talesman
to be examined at the afternoon session.
Mr. White, who
is an ex-police magistrate and justice of the peace, declared unequivocally
that under like circumstances he would probably have shot Creffield. This
statement, coming from such a source, made a deep impression in the court room. While still in the jury box, not having been
disqualified, it is believed White will be challenged by the state the first
thing in the morning because of his bold assertion.
Court had no
sooner convened for the morning session than announcement was
made by Prosecutor Mackintosh that attorneys on both sides of the case had
agreed to exclude George Bill from the jury box. It is understood that
Bill was not regarded as a satisfactory juror, even though he qualified
readily. Neither side had any specific objection to him. By agreeing to his
dismissal they saved valuable peremptory ammunition. Bill is of Indian descent
and has no family ties.
L. G. Sheldon,
of Seattle, was called to the jury box in Bill’s stead. Upon this talesman the
attorneys spent nearly all the morning session. It was during his examination
that Attorney Shipley, representing Mitchell, went into a phase of the case
that is relatively new to the public mind--that of Creffield’s dealings with
the prisoner’s younger sister, Esther. By disguising the statement in the form
of an interrogation, in order that it might be admitted by
the court, Mr. Shipley told of the causes that led up to Esther's mental
derangement.
RUINED THE GIRL’S
LIFE
He said the Holy
Roller prophet found her a young and pure-minded girl of 15 and that under the
blighting influences of his teachings and fanatical practices she had been
robbed of her reason, had been converted into a hopeless monomaniac who stood
apart from the brother that killed the reptile, who yet adhered to a belief
that the brute would return from his place of torture, and believed the wrath
of God was aroused because her brother killed the wretch, and because her
sister, Mrs. Starr, came here from Portland ostensibly to aid their brother in
his battle for life and liberty.
Assistant
Prosecuting Attorney Miller interrupted this recital of the prisoner’s wrongs. He
objected to the uncomplimentary epithets applied to the deceased, obviously
intended to work on the sensibilities and sympathies of the talesmen then in
the jury box. He asked that counsel for the defense be instructed to desist
from such methods. This stand was supported by Judge Frater,
who said both state and defense might well be more explicit and direct in their
methods of examining talesmen.
LEAVES OUT THE
EPITHETS
Mr. Shipley then
repeated his question, leaving out the epithets he had applied to Creffield. The
question was again objected to on similar ground and the objection was
sustained. It was apparent that the talesmen were affected by the counsel’s
word picture of Creffieldism. The talesman under examination finally qualified
and was passed for cause.
Sheldon having
qualified, there was a stirring in the courtroom. Twelve men were now in the
jury box and should there be no peremptory challenges, the taking of testimony
could be proceeded with at once. The attorneys held
whispered consultations for a few moments. Then Attorney Morris arose and
issued the first challenge for the defense. He challenged R. F. Fisher, a
Seattle druggist, who qualified for service on Monday.
J. C. Adams was
called to the vacant seat in the box. He was questioned carefully. He
qualified. Again there were 12 men on hand and the possibility existed that a
jury had been completed.
CHALLENGES A SINGLE MAN
But the defense
promptly made its second challenge, letting out H. A. C. Thompson, a barber. Thompson
is a single man, and while he qualified on Monday, he gave the impression of
being a strict advocate of law-enforcement in all cases.
W. L. Evans was
called next and he qualified, whereupon the state challenged John Simms, a King
County farmer, who qualified on Tuesday.
Thomas B. Doyle,
who replaced Simms was promptly excused by Judge
Frater because of his admitted prejudice against Creffield and his unholy
practices. Thomas Olin, of Seattle, was sworn in for examination at the hour
for noon adjournment. Thus at noon, the matter of selecting a jury was in
exactly the same position as when the court convened at 9:30 A. M.
Talesman Olin
qualified easily when court was called for the afternoon session. The defense
then challenged Talesman French, who was passed for cause on Tuesday. S. A.
White, who was called in his place, had an unalterable opinion, and was
excused.
E. J. Quinn, who
succeeded White, was disqualified, being in sympathy with the prisoner. N. O’Malley
and Phillip Peterson were likewise excused, having formed opinions.
Object to Old
Resident.
H. A. Terwilliger, an old-time resident of Seattle, succeeded in
qualifying, in face of protests from the defense, who thought he was prejudiced
for the defendant. Accordingly the defendant’s counsel got rid of him through a
peremptory challenge. M. F. White was called in his place and was qualified
immediately before the closing of court for the day.
The special
venire of 60 talesmen was exhausted in the afternoon and a dozen men were
secured from division No. 5 to fill out the afternoon. This evening the Sheriff
is serving notices on a second special venire of 30 talesmen, who will be in
court tomorrow.
The men in the jury-box at the close of the day’s work were:
John F. Dore,
newspaper reporter; W. I. Evans, rancher; Harry Thompson, Civil War veteran and
retired mining man; F. M. Townsend, City Water Works employee; M. H. Ring,
Postal Service employee; Thomas Olin; civil engineer; Charles Sheldon,
collector; L. F. Jones, rancher; M. F. White, theater employee; Fred Clinton,
cook, and W. C. Howard, saloon and hotel keeper.
HEADLINES IN DIFFERENT PAPERS FOR THE SAME ARTICLE
Seattle Daily Times 6/28/1906 p1
Mitchell Meets His Aged Father
Parent of Young Man Accused of the Murder
of “Joshua” Creffield Comes From Home in Illinois to Aid His Boy.
Evening Telegram (Portland) 6/28/1906 p3
No Headway Made in Mitchell Case.”
Proceedings Tedious and the Fourth Day
Passes Without Selection of Jury.
by Walter Deffenbaugh
George Mitchell
did not take much interest in the fourth day of the tedious process of
selecting the men who are to decide whether he is a murderer or a mere follower
of that unwritten code of human law which is headed by the old injunction, “An
eye for an eye,” and which in its more modern form resolves itself into the
doctrine that a wrong committed against the women folk
(sic) of a household is punishable by
death at the hands of the ablest male relative.
It was tedious
for every one concerned. A penny firecracker would have awakened half the
courtroom with a start. Two of the men in the jury box shamelessly slumbered
during a good portion of the day. Prosecuting Attorney Mackintosh spent his
periods of leisure in the seclusion of the bailiff’s easy chair and
occasionally jumped up with a start. John F. Miller was much interested in the
building operations going on outside, which juror Dore, from an advantageous
point near the window seemed to be superintending. Mitchell’s attorneys’s Morris and Shipley, were mainly occupied in tabulating their notes upon the talesmen left in the
box.
Only Mitchell,
the defendant, was alert, but his mind was occupied elsewhere. Every time the
door opened he turned his head and time and again his eager eyes scanned the
faces of the spectators seats. He was looking constantly for the appearance of
his father. Their relationship has not been as close as those
which exist in more fortunate and more ideal families. They have been
separated during much of the young man’s more mature years. The father had
little to offer a son, poverty and loss of the boy’s mother through death
robbing the home of much of its attractions, but he has done his best, and in
this hour of his boy’s need he has come from his home in Mount Vernon, Ill., to
be with him, come what may. It has been seven years since they met, the last
time under more cheerful surroundings. Much has happened since that time. The
youth has become a men. The daughters have been led
into strange paths and disgraceful associations. The weird teachings of a
self-styled prophet have poisoned their minds and broken up their home. The
lust of a man has turned him from a religious fanatic into a thinly-veiled sensualist and these daughters have been his victims.
COMES TO DO HIS BEST
It is not such a
condition as any father could face with pride. Some men would have stayed away
from a scene of this sort. But these children are his children, and this boy,
thrust into the position of the male protector of his sisters, has done his
duty as he saw it. The result is an accusation of murder, and the father has
come to do what he can for his children, and if possible to reunite his family.
It was this face
that Mitchell was seeking all the morning. It was the expectation of the
appearance of this smooth-shaven man of 57 years, slightly stooped, browned by
toil, and with hairs scattered with the gray of long years and recent sorrow,
which robbed the details of the preliminaries of the trial of the interest
which are ordinarily as absorbing to him as the glistening, tingling knives of
surgeons are to the man upon an operating table.
This was the
affair of his attorneys. It was their part. They did not even tell him what was
going on. But this was his own father. This was his
affair. No one else had any part in that. And so he waited and watched and
strained his eyes, watching for this old man to come.
MEETS HIS FATHER
They met early
in the morning, before the trial opened for the day, down in the little cell
off the jailer’s office. It only lasted two minutes, this meeting, and it was
as simple as it was brief. They are both men of few words. It was a clasp of
hands, a mutual assurance of pleasure at the reunion, inquiries as to health,
and that was about all. The Mitchell family is not emotional and the meeting
was not dramatic. It was the silent expression of everything sentimental,
exemplified by men who have been used all their lives to struggle and fight and
sorrow alone without a sign to the world of the fire of feeling which burns
within them.
The elder
Mitchell left to see his other children and old friends who pace the streets of
this unaccustomed city which was made the scene in the final act of the tragedy
which has ruined many of their lives. But he promised to come to the court room and it was for this return that young Mitchell
watched and waited.
WEEDING OUT JURY
And while he
waited, the attorneys, tired out and disgusted with their own bickerings, yawned and mechanically went through the
careful process of weeding out twelve acceptable jurors from the flock of
venire men.
The first
special venire of sixty had been exhausted the evening before. All but
twenty-seven of them had succeeded in escaping service. The others had either
been excused or were seated in the box. While deputy sheriffs scurried all over
the county in search of the newly chosen thirty, the attorneys busied
themselves with the remnant or the regular panel, available from other court rooms.
Yesterday
afternoon Thomas Olin of Preston was called to the box to take the place of J.
J. Sinn; challenged by the state. C. W. French was then challenged by the
defense. I. a. White, E. J. Quinn and Philip Petersen,
a rancher of Cedar Mountain, were called in succession and excused because they
had formed an opinion of the case.
This exhausted
the available jurors and while the court awaited the arrival of available men
from another court, Wilmon Tucker and Homer turner,
the jury commissioners determined (??) the new venire of thirty ordered by the
court. One odd circumstance in this ceremony was that Mr. Tucker drew from the
box the name of his father, T. D. Tucker of Kent. The names of the men drawn
are as follows.
NEW MEN CALLED
Dan Belard, Fifth Ward, Fourth Precinct; H. A. Keech, Suise Creek; P. Olsen,
Eighth Ward, First Precinct, T. England, Meeker; E. Tucker, Seventh Ward, Sixth
Precinct; D. P. McClure, Columbia; J. Goodhead, Black
Diamond; M. N. Ogle, Ninth Ward, Seventh Precinct; O. D. Graves, Seventh Ward,
fourth Precinct; Max Harrison, Second Ward, Second Precinct; William T.
Griffith, Black Diamond; John Rindall, Cove; S. W.
Harman, Eighth Ward, Fourth Precinct; Julius Koch, Third Ward, First Precinct;
P. J. Paulus, First Ward, Fifth Precinct; A. W. Seely, Juanita; Fred Blenkin,
Ninth Ward, Fourth Precinct; W. H. Fonda, Third Ward, Second Precinct; Wright
King, Berlin; James Hart, Christopher; C. E. Green, Fifth Ward, Sixth Precinct;
C. E. Tibbetts, Gillman; B. B. Dearborn, Forth Ward,
First Precinct; E. O. Erickson, Second Ward, First Precinct, Ballard; T. D.
Tucker, Kent; Walter Warnock, Franklin; C. F. Mitchell, first Ward, Second
Precinct; L. H. Schavitzer, Georgetown; L. Wodeen, Auburn.
In the meantime
the expected jurors had arrived and H. A. Terwilliger,
an elevator man in the Sullivan Block, was called to the vacant seat. He was
peremptorily challenged by Mr. Morris who had brought out the fact that he had
been employed for four years in the Union Building where Assistant Prosecuting
Attorney, John F. Miller had an office prior to his present term. M. F. White
then took the chair and court was adjourned.
Mr. White was
excused this morning on the third peremptory challenge of the state. R. Hall, a
contractor, of 6540 Green Lake Boulevard, was called to the chair and passed
for cause.
Mr. Terwilliger was excused upon the fourth exercise of the
right of the defense, and Clyde Wetmore, of 2205 Rainier Boulevard, an employee
of the Seattle, Renton & Southern Railway was passed.
Thomas Olin, who
had been accepted last evening was then excused by the
defense and A. D. Reed of Ballard was called. He had an opinion and was
excused. George W. Arnold, a painter of 2624 East Union Street, was passed for
cause.
The state then
excused J. C. Adams and the defense followed with a challenge of Charles L.
Sheldon. There seems no chance of obtaining a jury today.
There was a
difficulty this morning over the witnesses for the defense. The appeared to
claim their fees for attendance and this application was at first overruled by
Judge Frater. He was finally induced by the attorneys for the defense to
reconsider this and allowed the fees. He ordered, however, that they be excused
until Monday Morning. This order was strenuously resisted by Mr. Morris, who
said that he had done everything possible to save expense to the state and had
only subpoenaed such witnesses as were absolutely necessary. He complained that
the ruling of the court would work an unjust hardship upon these witnesses, who
had been compelled to leave their homes and occupations to come to Seattle. The
court replied that he would reserve his decision.
In commenting
upon this feature of the case Mr. Morris said that the application had been
made for sixteen witnesses who were vitally necessary to the defense, and that
no fees had been claimed for the others who had come of their own volition
before they were needed. He said that he would feel that he had subjected
himself to charges which would justify his disbarment
if he had not taken the precautions to have these witnesses ready when called
upon to make his defense, and that they were fully entitled to their fees. The
prosecuting attorney took no part in the discussion.
Seattle Post Intelligencer 6/28/1906 p1
Special Venire In Mitchell’s Trial.”
Thirty More Talesmen’s Names Drawn To Supply Deficiency
Proceedings Tedious
Efforts Of Court To Shorten Preliminaries
Prove Unavailing.
When the court
in the Mitchell case adjourned last evening, the state had used two of its
peremptory challenges, and the defense four. with a
total of twelve such challenges left, it was found necessary to draw a new list
of thirty talesmen, who are summoned to be present in court this morning, or as
soon afterwards as they can be notified.
The twelve men
in the jury box at closing hour, in order, were:
John F. Dore,
newspaperman, Seattle; W. I. Evans, rancher, Derby; H. a. C. Thompson, retired,
Seattle; J. C. Adams, contractor, Hillman City; F. M. Townsend, city water
department, Seattle; M. H. Ring, post office, Seattle; Thomas Olin, civil
engineer, Preston; Charles Sheldon; collector, Seattle; L. F. Jones, farmer,
Enumclaw; M. f. White, of Pantages theater, Seattle;
Fred Clinton, cook Vashon; W. C. Howard, saloon man, Seattle.
“I would shoot
that man,” was M. F. white’s answer to a question asked with the object of
ascertaining his mental attitude towards the man who would attempt crimes
involving the women of his own household.
A
long interrogation, propounded by Attorney Silas M. Shipley during the morning
session, was at once objected to by Deputy Prosecuting Attorney John F. Miller, on the grounds that illegal terms, such
as “brute,” had been used. Mr. Miller asked that the defense be warned against
asking questions which he declared were distinctly
objectionable, and were propounded with the object of prejudicing the juror’s
minds.
Court sustained
the objection and asked attorneys on both sides to refrain from interrogation
of that character. Mr. Shipley immediately asked a question almost as long, and
on the same subject, but omitting the specific words objected to. Objection to
this was sustained.
FIRST JUROR EXCUSED
The first juror
to be excused yesterday morning was the Cedar Mountain miner, George Bill, who
was dismissed by stipulation of the attorneys. Sheldon took his position. Then
the defense challenged R. E. Fisher, of Seattle, peremptorily, and Adams took
his place.
The defense’s
second challenge fell on J. Simpson, a barber of Kent. W. I. Evans, who was
called in his place said he was “not anxious to be
here,” but he remained.
The state’s
second peremptory challenge was exercised on John Sinn, of Novelty. Thomas B.
Doyle of Terry avenue, bookkeeper, thought his prejudice in favor of a man’s
supposed right to assassinate another could not be overcome by regard for
instructions of the court, and Thomas Olin, of Preston took the place.
The next man to
go was C. W. French, of Enumclaw whose chair proved a hard one to fill. I. a. White, of Seattle, the first candidate, had a fixed
opinion, as had E. J. Quinn, of Seattle, who followed him. Phillip N. O’Malley
at first was not quite so sure, but finally owned up. Philip Petersen, a
rancher of Cedar mountain said he had a “partial”
opinion, having read only one side of the case. He was excused after Mr.
Mackintosh had labored on his case about an hour.
This exhausted
the list of jurors available, but it was reported that a jury from department
No. 3 would in all probability, soon be available. In the meantime Wilmon Tucker and Homer Turner, jury commissioners were
summoned and the additional veniremen were drawn.
Of the panel
from the civil action, H. A. Terwilliger, and
elevator man, of Seattle was passed for cause, despite objections of the defense.
Mr. Morris immediately challenged him. The chair was filled
by the next candidate, M. F. White and the day’s proceedings ended.
Today the
attorneys will find material for a time in the remaining ten of the old panel
and in the special talesmen. Neither side is willing to indicate whether it
intends to exhaust all its challenges, though it is broadly hinted that there
was more than one man on the jury last evening who will have to go. The length
of these preliminary proceedings bid fair to last the entire day and well into
tomorrow.
The accused man
displays little emotion during the trial. At times he appears to watch a juror
who is being questioned very closely; at others he seems to give little heed to
the case. His demeanor is quiet, even sober, at all times, thought the audience
may be disposed for a moment to forget the fact that the life of a human being
is being weighed in the balance.
In addition to
the witnesses already mentioned as present from Oregon, Millton Beem of Tidewater; Charles Shires, of Carlton, and H.
R. Morris, of Yaquina Bay, were in the courtroom yesterday.
Seattle Post Intelligencer 6/28/1906 p5
Thirty More Named as Special Jurors
The special veniremen whose names were drawn yesterday, and who are
summoned to attend this morning at the Mitchell trial are:
Dan Belard, Fifth ward, Fourth precinct; (etc)
Morning Oregonian (Portland) 6/29/1906 p1
Jury Is Secured To Try Mitchell
Taking Of Testimony Will Be Begun In
Creffield Case Today.
Crowd Fills Courtroom
Murder Trial The Sensation Of The Hour In
Seattle--Prosecution Hopes For Manslaughter Verdict. Homicide’s Father Arrives.
In a box:
JURORS
WHO WILL TRY THE CREFFIELD MURDER CASE.
The jurors who
will decide as to the guilt or innocence of George Mitchell, the slayer of Creffield are: W. S. Perkins, etc.
by George White
SEATTLE, Wash,
June 28.-- (Staff Correspondence.)-- The jury of 12
men that will try George Mitchell for the killing of Edmund Creffield, the holy Roller leader, was completed late this afternoon. At a
moment when all hope of securing a jury today had been abandoned, the attorneys
on both sides announced that they had no further challenges to make. The whole
courtroom, spectators, lawyers, witnesses, Judge and prisoner gave one great
sigh of relief. The monotonous routine of examining talesmen had grown
unbearably wearisome and oppressive after four days. The jury was at once sworn
in and sent to the jury-room.
The taking of
testimony will be commenced in the morning at 9:300 o’clock. The prosecution
will first make its opening statement of the case, then witnesses will be
examined and cross examined, and the case for the
state closed. Prosecuting attorney Mackintosh states this afternoon that he can
complete his side of the case by tomorrow night, unless delayed by protracted cross examination. Attorney Morris arose to assure him that
the cross-examination of the State’s witnesses would be exceptionally brief.
Mr. Mackintosh
will not go into the intricacies of the case. He will introduce only such
testimony as is required to establish the killing of Creffield by Mitchell, and
the time, manner and place in which the killing was done. For this purpose Maud
Creffield, widow of the deceased, will be placed on the stand during the day,
as will also two policemen, two doctors and a Seattle newspaper reporter who
saw the shooting. This will end the case for the state.
EXPECT ONLY MANSLAUGHTER
A rigid
interpretation of the law of homicide will be depended upon for conviction. A
verdict of voluntary man slaughter is said to be the
prosecution’s greatest hope. The testimony for the defense will be far more
exhaustive. Attorneys Morris and Shipley state this evening that the greater
part of next week will be required to examine all their witnesses. They hope,
however, to have the case in the hands of the jury by the end of next week.
They will have experts on hand to testify as to Mitchell’s probable mental
state at the time of the killing. Holy Roller followers will be called upon to
explain Creffield’s teaching; Mrs. B. E. Starr, a sister of Mitchell, will be
required to tell of her relations with Creffield, and Miss Esther Mitchell, the
unmarried sister, will be called to the stand for a similar purpose. It is upon
Creffield’s alleged attitude toward Esther Mitchell that the greatest hope of
defense is based.
Yet this hope
may be a vain one. It may be that Creffield’s unholy teachings as founder of
the Holy Roller cult will operate, through the sister of the man who killed the
fanatic, to send Mitchell to prison or the gallows. This is a thing that a week
ago would not have been given a second thought. But today it is a matter of
concern to the boy defendant, George Mitchell, and his legal representatives.
They are looking upon the Holy Roller revival started by Esther Mitchell with
grave apprehension.
AFFECTS MANY
WITNESSES
In as much as
several of the most important witnesses for the defense were followers of
Creffield it is feared the revival will influence them on the witness stand.
Being fanatics who looked upon law and organized society as oppressors of their
prophet and of themselves, it is not known just what stand may be taken by them
in their testimony, or whether they will confine themselves to the facts if
these facts might tend to exonerate Mitchell.
The attitude of
Mitchell’s two sisters shows the strength of Creffield’s influence, even now
that he is in his grave. Esther has stood out against her brother from the
first. Although the brother and sister were devoted to each other before
Creffield’s advent, Esther now takes the stand that God is angry with her
brother and that the wrong he has done in killing Creffield must be atoned for.
Mrs. Burgess E.
Starr, the married sister whose husband sent Creffield to the Oregon
penitentiary on a statutory charge, has now taken a similar stand. This is what
causes uneasiness in the camp of the defense.
When Mrs. Starr
came to Seattle the first of the week, she said she was determined to assist
her brother to get clear. She appeared to be done with Holy Rollerism, and her
husband had forgiven all her past misdeeds and taken her back under his roof.
All seemed well until she reached Seattle and went to call on Esther. Esther,
in the matron’s charge at the city jail, refused to see her.
SHE SEEKS AN
EXPLANATION
Requesting an
explanation of this queer treatment from her own sister, Mrs. Starr was informed
that Esther believed Mrs. Starr had displeased God by coming to her brother’s
aid.
This incident
occurred at noon on Monday. Mrs. Starr had been in court all forenoon. She did
not appear at the afternoon session. After he first called on Esther she became
uncommunicative and since then her husband has been unable to get her to talk.
His worst fears were confirmed today when Mrs. Starr called on Esther again,
sent her a message privately, and was immediately received.
There seems
little doubt that Mrs. Starr gave Esther some sort of assurance as to her
attitude towards her brother George.
It is asserted
by those interested in the trial that if Mitchell is convicted in the murder in
any degree, even of manslaughter, he will have his own sisters to thank.
Other Rollers
who have been subpoenaed by the defense and who may be affected in their
testimony are Maud Hurt Creffield, the widow, Olive Sandall,
Attie Bray, May Hurt, Frank Hurt and Mrs. Frank Hurt, all of Corvallis and
vicinity.
MITCHELL’S
FATHER ARRIVES
Today Mitchell’s
aged father arrived in Seattle to be with his son in his hour of trouble. The
elder Mitchell came from his farm at Mount Vernon, Ill. He is a man of very
small means and could not well afford the trip, but by closest economy and denying
himself many things he was able to come. He will be able to put up little or no
money for his son’s defense. Father and son met at the King County jail this
morning. It was the first time they had seen each other for seven years, but
there was nothing dramatic about the meeting.
Neither is of
demonstrative temperament. There was a simple shaking of hands, a brief
exchange of greetings and then the two engaged in conversation regarding family
matters. Five minutes later the son was taken into the Superior court, while
the father returned downtown. He did not appear in court during the day.
It is a sad
family reunion that the elder Mitchell has come to. Seven years ago when the
mother died, the home was broken up and the children came to Oregon. The father
had not seen his children since until today.
Interest in the
trial has increased rather than diminished. Today every seat and every inch of
standing room in the spacious courtroom was occupied. Dozens of people were
turned away. Standing room will probably be at a greater premium tomorrow and
during the remainder of the trial when evidence is being taken.
PROCEEDINGS VERY
DULL
Today’s
proceedings were very similar to those of the past three days, being dry in the
extreme. as forecasted yesterday, Talesman M. f. White
was peremptorily challenged by the state when court convened this morning. Although
a former Police Magistrate and Justice of the Peace of several years standing,
Mr. White declared in open court Wednesday that he would have acted just as Mitchell
did. He was succeeded in the jury box by J. R. Hall, a
Seattle contractor, who qualified. T. J. Olin was then challenged, and
George W. Allen qualified in his place. The next talesman to be challenged was
Harry Thompson, and after two talesmen failed to qualify because of being
prejudiced, Emil Rex was passed for cause. H. E. Start was the last talesman to
qualify before the jury was accepted. The defense had made eight challenges and
the state four.
The defense was
called upon for its ninth challenge. Attorneys Morris and Shipley held a brief
consultation.
“May it please
the court, the defense accepts the jury as it now stands,” said Attorney
Morris. “We have no further challenges to make,” added Assistant Prosecutor
Miller.
These
announcements came as a surprise. It was believed in the courtroom that at least one challenge would be made by the state and possibly two
by the defense.
Immediately
before court adjourned for the day Attorney Morris arose and demanded that
Esther Mitchell be brought into court in the morning.
He asserted that she had been acting in a dilatory manner and had refused to be
seen. He also hinted that Assistant Prosecuting Attorney Miller had given
orders that she be kept in confinement, thus hiding her in avoiding interview
with her brother’s attorneys.
The girl is wanted as a witness for the defense, despite her attitude towards her brother. Mr. Morris insisted that she be escorted into his presence that he may interview her tomorrow, Judge Frater so ordered.
Chapter of Holy Rollers where these articles are some of the sources:
Chapter 18: The Trial
***
June 27, 1906: Mitchell Trial Held Up By Squabble
June 29, 1906: Trial is Now on in Earnest
***
Newspaper Articles about Creffield & the Holy Rollers
1897-1903: B.C. (Before Creffield)
October to December 1903:Holy Rollers Burn Furniture & Pets
January to March, 1904: Holy Rollers Tarred and Feathered
April to June 1904: Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum
July 1904: Creffield is Found & Arrested
September 1904: Creffield's Trial
April 1906: Men are Gunning For Creffield
May 1906: Creffield is Murdered, Murderer is Considered a Hero
May 1906: Holy Rollers Found Starving Near Heceta Head
June 1906: George Mitchell's Trial Begins
July 1906: Hurt Testifies of Debauched Wife and Debased Sisters
July 1906: Esther Mitchell Kills Her Brother
August to October 1906: Seattle Prepares for another Big Trial
November 1906: Maud Hurt Creffield Commits Suicide
April 1909-August 1914: Esther Leaves the Asylum
1953 Stewart Holbrook's Murder Without Tears
1951Startling Detective Magazine, Nemesis of the Nudist High Priest
***
Chapters from
Holy Rollers: Murder & Madness in Oregon's Love Cult
Part 1: The Seduction
Chapter 1: Trust Me, Brothers And Sisters
(Life Before Creffield [B.C.])
Chapter 2: God, Save Us From Compromising Preachers
(Creffield's Preachings)
Chapter 3: The Flock
(Profiles of the Holy Rollers Were)
Chapter 4: The Holy Rollers
(Things Start to Get Wild on on Kiger Island)
Chapter 5: Housecleaning
(There's a Sacrificial Bonfire)
Chapter 6: Community Concerns
(Officers Visit)
Chapter 7: Esther, The Chosen One
(Creffield Plans to Marry 16-Year- Old)
Chapter 8: Tar and Feathers
(The Men of Corvallis Act)
Chapter 9: Sane People Don’t Go Bareheaded
(Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum)
Chapter 10: More Beast Than Man
( Creffield is Arrested)
Chapter 11: God Will Plead Creffield's Case
(Creffield in Court)
Chapter 12: Scandal
(Shocking Testimony at the Trial)
Chapter 13: Calm Before the Storm
(The Holy Rollers Resume their Lives)
Chapter 14: Giving Up The Ghost
(Men are Gunning for Creffield)
Part Two: The People V. Creffield
Chapter 16: The Widow Creffield
Chapter 19: An Inherited Streak of Insanity
Part Three: The Madness
Chapter 23: Seeking Reconciliation
Chapter 24: Another Holy Roller Page One Murder
Chapter 25: What Can Papa Do For You?
Chapter 26: Human Life is Too Cheap In This Community
Chapter 30: The Final Chapter
(What Happened to Everyone Afterwards)
The Epilogue
(Heaven's Gate)