Creffield and the Holy Rollers made page one headlines from 1903 to 1907. When I was researching Holy Rollers: Murder and Madness in Oregon’s Love Cult I spent months transcribing hundreds of articles. I’m not sure why I was so obsessive. Maybe it was my way of immersing my self into a cult without joining one. Anyway, I’m posting them all for those who are really interested in the story, or are interested the history of journalism, or are interested in how a scandalous story played out in the "media" in a by gone era. Since I no doubt made typos and unconsciously corrected papers' typos, these web pages should not be cited in anything serious (e.g. your dissertation). For such projects they should only be used as starting points and you should refer to the original sources. If you want a shorter version of the story, buy my book. Enjoy.
September 18, 1906: Maud Creffield Anxious to Hang
HEADLINES IN
PAPERS FOR THE SAME ARTICLE
Seattle Daily Times 9/18/1906 p1
Maud Creffield Anxious to Hang
Oregon Daily Journal (Portland) 9/18/1906 p10
Glad Mitchell is Murdered
Mrs. Creffield Tells Insanity Experts That God
Ordered the Crime. Perfectly Willing to Suffer Extreme Penalty. States The Lord
Appeared to Her Twice as Did Her Slain Spouse Who Wanted His Death to Be
Avenged.
(Special Dispatch to The
Journal)
[Oregon Daily Journal (Portland) In answer
to the question as to whether or not she was willing to undergo punishment for
the murder of George Mitchell, Mrs. Maud Hurt Creffield made the following
reply to the alienist examining her this morning:]
“I am anxious to pay the
penalty of the law. I would be glad to give up my life for taking George
Mitchell’s life. I have fulfilled the purpose for which God place me in this
world and I care not what happens to me.”
This is the statement made
by Mrs. Maud Creffield this morning to the medical commission that is inquiring
into her sanity. The statement was in answer to a question as to whether she
was willing to undergo capital punishment for her crime. The examination of
Mrs. Creffield this morning was searching and exhaustive and related to her
reasons for committing the crime.
Although brought into court
in a weak condition that necessitated her being revived by food before the
examination could begin the woman bore up well through it all. All of the questions put to her were answered in clear, concise
language in a most intelligent manner and with much force. Frequent quotations
from the Bible were used by several woman to
illustrate her meaning. Several times she refused to answer questions concerning
her religious experiences. Her refusals were always made in the most polite
manner, the witness simply saying: “I have said all I care to say about that
matter.”
A DIVINE COMMAND
Mrs. Creffield testified
that after the killing of her husband she was so disturbed that she could not
receive a message from God and entered into a state of prayer that God might
tell her what to do. “When I became composed,” she said, “it was witnesseth
through my spirit that it was the will of God that I should kill George Mitchell.
I feared that my desire and not the will of God was speaking to me, so I again entered into a state of prayer. Again God’s word
came to me that I should kill George Mitchell. There could be no mistake that
it was God’s will.
“My husband’s spirit also
spoke to me telling me that it was his wish as well as that of God that I
should avenge his death. I knew that if I were to fulfill the word of God that
I would be subjected to the penalty of man’s law. But then I never considered
the laws of men when the will of God has been made known to me.”
After this statement the
medical commission inquired if she had been commanded by God to kill George
Mitchell, why she let Esther Mitchell do the slaying. She said: “Until two days
before the killing I intended to do it, knowing it was God’s will that I should
do so. At that time Esther came to me and said that God had made known to her
that it was his will that she should kill her brother, George. Both of us had
been in a state of prayer. I did not believe her. I was certain that it was
God’s will that I should do the killing. However, both of us again entered into
a state of prayer and it was witnesseth to me that Esther was correct and that
it was God’s will that she should do the killing.”
WOMEN AGREE ON STORY
When Dr. Turner pointed out
to her that the statements she was making to the commission were quite at
variance with those made at police headquarters after her arrest she admitted
that it was so. She was handed a stenographic report of her confession to the
police, but refused to read it saying: “I know what is there.” She said that
before the killing she and Esther Mitchell had agreed to make the statement
taken down by the police. She declared her reason for this was because she was
satisfied that the public would laugh at her religious motive and “mock and
scoff at it.”
Since her incarceration she
declared that God had made it known to her that she should make public the true
motives of her act regardless of consequences. Mrs. Creffield stated that if
she had not been a party to the killing that her life would have been a failure
and that she would be unhappy at not having fulfilled her divine mission on
earth.
When asked whether the
killing of Mitchell had made her happy she said: “I am satisfied; I am certain
that I have fulfilled God’s will. I was not happy. I am never happy. I care
nothing for happiness on earth. I simply wish to do God’s will.”
ESTHER MITCHELL CHOSEN
Mrs. Creffield, speaking of
Esther’s desire to commit the crime, said: “Esther told me that God had made it
known to her that the reason she had been spared was to do the killing. She
said that she had never suffered the persecutions that the others of the flock
had suffered for the sake of the religion, and that God had made it known to
her that the time had arrived for her to do her part.
The examination of Mrs.
Creffield closed at noon. Esther Mitchell is being examined this afternoon. The
medical commission are in hopes of closing their
labors by night and making a report to the court in the morning.
Seattle Star 9/18/1906 p7
Did Only What the Spirits Commanded
Mrs. Creffield Says She But Obeyed the Will of Her
Heavenly Father in Allowing Esther Mitchell to Kill Her Brother.
Mrs. Maud Creffield, who
with Esther Mitchell is being examined before an insanity commission, the
verdict of which will determined whether or not the two women will be tried for
the murder of George Mitchell, was again placed on the stand this morning.
Mrs. Creffield stated that
she had communications with her husband through the spirits, and acted
according to the instructions given her by those spirits in the Mitchell case.
The morning before the
murder of Creffield by George Mitchell, Mrs. Creffield said Creffield told her
that his blood would soon flow at the hands of the enemy. He also stated that
his death would be avenged, but did not state by whom.
HAD PLANNED STORY
Mrs. Creffield said this
morning that she and Esther had planned on what to say when they were arrested
and that they would stick to the story, and would take
the penalty for the deed rather than to feel that their lives had been
failures.
When asked if she would do
the same thing again she said:
It was the will of our
Heavenly Father that George should die, and I did as I was told to do by the
spirits. I had no personal feeling against George Mitchell, and I intended to
take his life myself, but Esther said that she felt it her duty to kill him, so
I let her do it.”
Mrs. Creffield was then
asked why she did not kill Messes. Morris and Shipley, the attorneys who
defended George Mitchell. She said: “I would have killed them if the spirits
had told me to.”
HEADLINES IN
PAPERS FOR THE SAME ARTICLE
Seattle Post Intelligencer 9/18/1906
New Evidence in Sanity Hearing
Corvallis Gazette 9/21/1906 p1
In Seattle
What Has Been Done In Mitchell Creffield Case.
Attorney Will H. Morris Gives Information in the
Mitchell-Creffield Case. Mrs. Creffield on Stand. Witness Tells of Her
Religious Belief--Hearing Continued Today.”
The conclusion of the
hearing of Esther Mitchell and Mrs. Maud Creffield on charges of insanity was
yesterday put off one more day by the commission on account of the discovery of
a new witness who occupied much of the time of the physicians and gave some new
information that heretofore had not been heard. This witness was Will H.
Morris, the attorney who defended George Mitchell when charged with the murder
of Franz Edmund Creffield. Mr. Morris was not called by the commission but
volunteered to place the facts at hand before the board.
He made the statement that
from the first time he had been thrown with the two women in a professional way
he has considered both of them insane and declared that he was so thoroughly
convinced of this that after Mitchell had been released he warned the
authorities to watch the women very closely so that there could be no chance
for them to do violence to anyone. He said further that during the trial of the
case he watched those interested in the Creffield affair very closely and as
soon as possible swore many of them in as witnesses when he had no intention of
using them merely to get them out of the court room and save any demonstration
that he felt might be made at any time.
Mr. Morris related his
experiences with Esther Mitchell since the first time he saw her as she
alighted from the train shortly after the shooting of Creffield. [(Corvallis
Gazette) He said that when he introduced himself as the attorney for her
brother, she refused to have anything to do with him.] He said at the time Esther
Mitchell refused to have anything to do with her brother and would have no
conversation with the witness relative to the case, saying that she and her
brother had nothing in common. She expressed no sympathy for the man, said Mr.
Morris, more than to say she hoped he would not be killed until he had had time
to get right with his creator.
Mr. Morris said that not
only himself, but the other attorneys interested in
the George Mitchell trial, including Deputy Prosecuting Miller, were all of the
same opinion regarding the mental condition of the women.
“I believe these women have
such a weak mentality,” said Mr. Morris, “that it will be impossible to convict
them before a jury of twelve men and do not think the county should be put to
the expense of trying it. I do not think they will ever become normal and think
the place for them is an asylum.”
[(Corvallis Gazette) He said that he thought the girl had done the
shooting because of a plan which had been arranged for a new “Christ,” to which
she was to have been a party, and which was stopped by the death of Creffield.]
Mrs. Creffield was placed on
the stand again during the morning and questioned closely regarding her
religion and its practices. Then she recited her meeting with Creffield and
later of her marriage to him. She explained in detail the relation of
Creffield, herself and Esther Mitchell in a religious way.
Dr.
Snyder, the county jail physician, was called by the commission and he told of the jail life of the women.
Early in the afternoon the
commission adjourned, much to the surprise of those interested for it was
understood that the hearing was to be closed yesterday. This morning at 9:30
o’clock another session will be had and at that time Esther Mitchell will be
examined.
It is impossible to say
whether or not the commission will end its labors today, for new witnesses have
appeared almost daily.
Corvallis Gazette 9/18/1906
--Frank Francisco is clerking at S. L. Kline’s during the absence in Seattle of O. V. Hurt.
Chapter of Holy Rollers where these articles are some of the sources:
Chapter 28: Insanity?
***
September 17, 1906: Mrs. Creffield on Stand
September 19, 1906: Are They Sane of Insane?
***
Newspaper Articles about Creffield & the Holy Rollers
1897-1903: B.C. (Before Creffield)
October to December 1903:Holy Rollers Burn Furniture & Pets
January to March, 1904: Holy Rollers Tarred and Feathered
April to June 1904: Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum
July 1904: Creffield is Found & Arrested
September 1904: Creffield's Trial
April 1906: Men are Gunning For Creffield
May 1906: Creffield is Murdered, Murderer is Considered a Hero
May 1906: Holy Rollers Found Starving Near Heceta Head
June 1906: George Mitchell's Trial Begins
July 1906: Hurt Testifies of Debauched Wife and Debased Sisters
July 1906: Esther Mitchell Kills Her Brother
August to October 1906: Seattle Prepares for another Big Trial
November 1906: Maud Hurt Creffield Commits Suicide
April 1909-August 1914: Esther Leaves the Asylum
1953 Stewart Holbrook's Murder Without Tears
1951Startling Detective Magazine, Nemesis of the Nudist High Priest
***
Chapters from
Holy Rollers: Murder & Madness in Oregon's Love Cult
Part 1: The Seduction
Chapter 1: Trust Me, Brothers And Sisters
(Life Before Creffield [B.C.])
Chapter 2: God, Save Us From Compromising Preachers
(Creffield's Preachings)
Chapter 3: The Flock
(Profiles of the Holy Rollers Were)
Chapter 4: The Holy Rollers
(Things Start to Get Wild on on Kiger Island)
Chapter 5: Housecleaning
(There's a Sacrificial Bonfire)
Chapter 6: Community Concerns
(Officers Visit)
Chapter 7: Esther, The Chosen One
(Creffield Plans to Marry 16-Year- Old)
Chapter 8: Tar and Feathers
(The Men of Corvallis Act)
Chapter 9: Sane People Don’t Go Bareheaded
(Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum)
Chapter 10: More Beast Than Man
( Creffield is Arrested)
Chapter 11: God Will Plead Creffield's Case
(Creffield in Court)
Chapter 12: Scandal
(Shocking Testimony at the Trial)
Chapter 13: Calm Before the Storm
(The Holy Rollers Resume their Lives)
Chapter 14: Giving Up The Ghost
(Men are Gunning for Creffield)
Part Two: The People V. Creffield
Chapter 16: The Widow Creffield
Chapter 19: An Inherited Streak of Insanity
Part Three: The Madness
Chapter 23: Seeking Reconciliation
Chapter 24: Another Holy Roller Page One Murder
Chapter 25: What Can Papa Do For You?
Chapter 26: Human Life is Too Cheap In This Community
Chapter 30: The Final Chapter
(What Happened to Everyone Afterwards)
The Epilogue
(Heaven's Gate)