Creffield and the Holy Rollers made page one headlines from 1903 to 1907. When I was researching Holy Rollers: Murder and Madness in Oregon’s Love Cult I spent months transcribing hundreds of articles. I’m not sure why I was so obsessive. Maybe it was my way of immersing my self into a cult without joining one. Anyway, I’m posting them all for those who are really interested in the story, or are interested the history of journalism, or are interested in how a scandalous story played out in the "media" in a by gone era. Since I no doubt made typos and unconsciously corrected papers' typos, these web pages should not be cited in anything serious (e.g. your dissertation). For such projects they should only be used as starting points and you should refer to the original sources. If you want a shorter version of the story, buy my book. Enjoy.
March 23, 1904: Fugitive Creffield
Corvallis Times 3/23/1904 p3
Fugitive Creffield
Disappearance of his Wife and her Return--His
Treachery.
There has been a hunt in
Corvallis and vicinity for Apostle Creffield for a day or two. Reports have
been in circulation that he was in hiding in the vicinity. A young man who had
never seen him reported that he had walked from the northward toward Corvallis
with the fugitive, and that the latter as town was approached suddenly quit his
company and run away. There is also an unconfirmed rumor afloat that a certain
young woman of the Roller faith admitted to another Roller that she had seen
the bogus saint. A belief that he was in hiding in the vicinity resulted in a
search of vacant house as well as the Roller headquarters across the
Willamette, but no trace was found. A day or two ago it developed that Mrs.
Creffield had disappeared from the family home across Mary’s river and this
increased belief that Creffield had stealthily visited Corvallis in his flight
from the vengeance that awaits him in Portland. Nothing can be learned of where
she went, or the means of her going, and the supposition is that she has joined
Creffield.
A reward of $100 is offered
for the capture of the outlawed apostle. Lewis Hartley circulated a
subscription paper for contributions for the reward. Heading the list was a
donation of $40. O. V. Hurt contributed $20 and Mr. Starr $10. Nearly the whole of the sum was contributed by husbands whose families are
or have been identified with the rollers.
The Portland Welcome tells in
plain language the revolting story of Creffield’s treachery. The charge for
which he is wanted is adultery, preferred by B. E. Starr, an injured husband. The
paper says that the day the warrant was issued, 12 other Portland husbands
whose families had been betrayed appeared in turn at the district attorneys
office and asked permission to lodge a charge of the same nature against
Creffield.
A development as the TIMES
goes to press is the return of Mrs. Creffield. She appeared at the family home
between 9 and 10 yesterday, coming from, nobody knows where. Sheriff Burnett
and Chief Lane visited her at three o’clock, but were unable to get admissions
from her. She absolutely refused to talk on the subject of Creffield’s
whereabouts.
Corvallis Times 3/23/1904 p4
It is probable that the smart
editor of the Lebanon Criterion would like to crawl into a hole and pull the
hole in after him. It was he who with assumption of superior knowledge said
that religious reformers in all ages had been the objects of persecution. He held
Josh Creffield up as a persecuted and much abused man. He said there were
things in Corvallis beside which Creffield and Brooks were as pure gold to
sounding brass, or words to that effect. It now develops that Creffield, under
the cloak of religion, pursued a life of lust. Thirteen husbands in Portland
are clamoring for vengeance and the bogus apostle is a hunted criminal with
certain knowledge that he will go straight to the penitentiary for many a year
if he is caught. His crimes are worse that that of the rapist Negroes, who are
lynched and burned for their villainy. Beside him, Outlaw Tracy is a gentleman.
Yet this Criterion man is Josh Creffield’s apologist and defender. Since it is
his taste, let him continue to hug Josh Creffield to his bosom and to criticize
Corvallis people for disliking the bogus saint. A new department in the Criterion, entitled the “Ethics of Free Love” and presided
over by Josh Creffield, would be a fitting arrangement under the circumstances.
Evening Telegram (Portland) 3/24/1904 p4
No Trace Of Creffield
Much Wanted ‘Apostle’ Manages
To Elude Officers And Posse
(Article is illegible)
Jeffree Newman as Sheriff Burnett
Evening Telegram (Portland) 3/28/1904 p4
Reward Is Offered
Brownsville Times 4/1/ p1
Reward Is Offered
[Telegram Coast Special]
CORVALLIS, March 28.--Circulars issued by Sheriff Burnett, of Benton county,
offering $100 reward for the arrest of Edmund Creffield are being sent to all
county officials and railroad towns in the state. Creffield’s given name is
Edmund instead of Joshua, which latter he adopted when pronouncing himself a
Holy Roller. Edmund Creffield is described as being about 30 years old, very
light complexion, white hair, white whiskers, unless smooth shaven, which he is
very likely to be at present; weight about 135 pounds, height 5 feet 6 inches,
wears No. 5 1/2 shoe; has good black suit, but may be wearing blue-colored
blouse with belt run through it; also wears brown leggins. He is sure to have a
Bible under his arm on in his pockets.
Oregon Daily Journal (Portland) 3/30/1904 p10
After the Holy Roller
Searchers for the Apostle
Creffield have so far failed to bag their game. One hundred dollars was
deposited with the sheriff of Benton County by irate victims of this notorious Holy
Roller as an incentive to the man hunters, but “Josh” is proving as elusive as
Pat Crowe. Rumor has it that he is sojourning at present in a little village
just north of Salem.
Evening Telegram (Portland) 3/31/1904 p10
Careful Search For Holy Roller
Systematic Effort Being Made to Find “Joshua”
Creffield.
Edmund Creffield, the Holy
Roller wanted on a serious crime, is being hounded in every part of the state. Everything
possible is being done to run him to earth at the earliest possible date.
The search, as in many cases,
is by no means a “go as you please,” but is being conducted under a complete
system. From reports that have reached the police, three men are now devoting
their entire time to looking for the criminal who accomplished his ends by wearing
a cloak of religion. These men are working in different parts of the state--one
in the east, one in the vicinity of Corvallis, and one in Portland.
The officer detailed on the
case in the city is at present working on the East Side. He is making a
house-to-house canvass, and is inquiring at every lodging house. So far he has
covered a large territory, but has secured no trace of Creffield whatever.
Some of the men making the
search are directly interested in the arrest of the wrongdoer. They do not care
for the reward, but are desperate in their determination to get him.
Creffield seems to have
disappeared from the face of the earth. Since he was seen in Portland about two
weeks ago, nothing has been heard of him. The officers believe that he could
not have left the city, for every train and all public roads have been
carefully guarded. He is in hiding.
Chapter of Holy Rollers where these articles are some of the sources:
Chapter 8: Tar and Feathers
March 17, 1904: Where is the Apostle?
March 28, 1904: Reward is Offered
***
Newspaper Articles about Creffield & the Holy Rollers
1897-1903: B.C. (Before Creffield)
October to December 1903:Holy Rollers Burn Furniture & Pets
January to March, 1904: Holy Rollers Tarred and Feathered
April to June 1904: Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum
July 1904: Creffield is Found & Arrested
September 1904: Creffield's Trial
April 1906: Men are Gunning For Creffield
May 1906: Creffield is Murdered, Murderer is Considered a Hero
May 1906: Holy Rollers Found Starving Near Heceta Head
June 1906: George Mitchell's Trial Begins
July 1906: Hurt Testifies of Debauched Wife and Debased Sisters
July 1906: Esther Mitchell Kills Her Brother
August to October 1906: Seattle Prepares for another Big Trial
November 1906: Maud Hurt Creffield Commits Suicide
April 1909-August 1914: Esther Leaves the Asylum
1953 Stewart Holbrook's Murder Without Tears
1951Startling Detective Magazine, Nemesis of the Nudist High Priest
***
Chapters from
Holy Rollers: Murder & Madness in Oregon's Love Cult
Part 1: The Seduction
Chapter 1: Trust Me, Brothers And Sisters
(Life Before Creffield [B.C.])
Chapter 2: God, Save Us From Compromising Preachers
(Creffield's Preachings)
Chapter 3: The Flock
(Profiles of the Holy Rollers Were)
Chapter 4: The Holy Rollers
(Things Start to Get Wild on on Kiger Island)
Chapter 5: Housecleaning
(There's a Sacrificial Bonfire)
Chapter 6: Community Concerns
(Officers Visit)
Chapter 7: Esther, The Chosen One
(Creffield Plans to Marry 16-Year- Old)
Chapter 8: Tar and Feathers
(The Men of Corvallis Act)
Chapter 9: Sane People Don’t Go Bareheaded
(Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum)
Chapter 10: More Beast Than Man
( Creffield is Arrested)
Chapter 11: God Will Plead Creffield's Case
(Creffield in Court)
Chapter 12: Scandal
(Shocking Testimony at the Trial)
Chapter 13: Calm Before the Storm
(The Holy Rollers Resume their Lives)
Chapter 14: Giving Up The Ghost
(Men are Gunning for Creffield)
Part Two: The People V. Creffield
Chapter 16: The Widow Creffield
Chapter 19: An Inherited Streak of Insanity
Part Three: The Madness
Chapter 23: Seeking Reconciliation
Chapter 24: Another Holy Roller Page One Murder
Chapter 25: What Can Papa Do For You?
Chapter 26: Human Life is Too Cheap In This Community
Chapter 30: The Final Chapter
(What Happened to Everyone Afterwards)
The Epilogue
(Heaven's Gate)