Creffield and the Holy Rollers made page one headlines from 1903 to 1907. When I was researching Holy Rollers: Murder and Madness in Oregon’s Love Cult I spent months transcribing hundreds of articles. I’m not sure why I was so obsessive. Maybe it was my way of immersing my self into a cult without joining one. Anyway, I’m posting them all for those who are really interested in the story, or are interested the history of journalism, or are interested in how a scandalous story played out in the "media" in a by gone era. Since I no doubt made typos and unconsciously corrected papers' typos, these web pages should not be cited in anything serious (e.g. your dissertation). For such projects they should only be used as starting points and you should refer to the original sources. If you want a shorter version of the story, buy my book. Enjoy.
February 21, 1907: Esther Mitchell Goes to Asylum
Seattle Post Intelligencer 2/21/1907 p4
Esther Mitchell Goes to Asylum
Judge Frater Acts Promptly on Arrival of the Remittitur. Order
to Steilacoom. Supreme Court Ruling Makes Way for Disposition of Case.”
Judge A. W. Frater, of the
superior court, yesterday received the remittitur of the Supreme Court’s
decision in the Esther Mitchell insanity case, and committed her to the state
insane hospital at Steilacoom, thus disposing of the celebrated case that has
been dragging its weary course in the courts since last August.
The decision of the Supreme
Court, January 14, on the application by the prosecuting attorney for a writ of
prohibition, reached Judge Frater yesterday in the remittitur, reading as
follows:
This cause having heretofore
been presented to the court upon the petition of the relator (illegible) for a
writ of prohibition to prevent the superior court of King County and from Hon.
A. W. Frater, one of the judges, from signing an order adjudging one Maud
Crefeld and one Esther Mitchell to be insane, and directing their deportation
to Oregon, and upon the argument of counsel and the court having filed and
opinion, it is now hereby ordered that a writ issue prohibiting the respondent
from making an order deporting Esther Mitchell, but in other respects the writ
is denied.”
DISPOSES OF THE CASE
Judge Frater, having the
power to sign a commitment to an insane hospital inside the state, under the
terms of the decision, took action at once. Esther Mitchell, as a result, will
spend her immediate future at Steilacoom. Recovery of her mental faculties in
future would result in her final discharge.
This disposes of the murder
charge against Esther Mitchell for hilling her brother, George Mitchell, after
his acquittal for the murder of Franz Edmund Crefeld, leader of the “Holy
Roller” sect. Mrs. Crefeld, who was accused with her, and who was found
likewise insane by the commission that examined the
two women, would, under the Supreme Court ruling, likewise have been committed
to the insane hospital, but for her sudden death from poison, which she had
taken in prison.
Esther Mitchell is only 18
years old. From the moment she identified herself with the “Holy Roller” sect,
and its “prophet,” Crefeld, trouble began for her. From the little town of
Corvallis, Or, the members of the band came to Seattle, and in May, 1906, the
leader, Crefeld, was killed by George Mitchell, brother of Esther, in what he
claimed was the defense of his sisters honor.
(the usual history)
The commitment for
deportation toe Oregon was made out, but before it could be signed, the
prosecuting attorney of King County asked the Supreme Court for a writ of
prohibition, preventing Judge Frater from signing an order adjudging Esther
Mitchell insane and deporting her to Oregon.
While the case was pending
in the Supreme Court, Mrs. Creffield died suddenly in the county jail, having,
as shown by the autopsy, taken poison.
FINDINGS OF COMMISSION
The conclusions of the
insanity commission were filed September 21, 1906, and after setting forth the
manner of conducting the examination, read as follows: (see Seattle Daily Times
Fri 9/21/1906 p1)
DISEASE IS INCREASING
The commission took up the
family and personal history, present illness and condition of the accused, and
made physical examination, and an individual study of the mental condition of
the subject, before, at the time of, and since the commission of the crime
charged.
The detailed report shows
Esther to be 18, a resident of Washington since May 1906, and a tailor by
occupation. She has homicidal, suicidal and incendiary tendencies. The first
attack, says the commission, appeared several years ago, has continued from its
incipiency, and is increasing; she has permanent delusions of self-exhaltation,
and is dangerous to herself and to others. The cause
of her mental condition is given as the inheritance of structural defects of
the nervous system. Her retention in an institution for
treatment, and a change of environments, were recommended by the commission.
IS TAKEN FROM JAIL
Shortly before noon, Mrs.
Riley, police matron, called at the county jail and took Esther Mitchell in
charge for the trip to Steilacoom hospital. The prisoner bade good-by to the
jail attendants and left her cell, where Mrs. Creffield died, with apparent
grief, She was pale and weak from a recent attack of grip, and expressed the hope
that her health would improve at Steilacoom among new surroundings, where she
could get a glimpse of the outside world occasionally. She has been a model
prisoner at the jail and the attendants unite in speaking of her uncomplaining
attitude toward the restrictions and discipline of jail.
Corvallis Gazette 2/22/1907
Asylum at Last
For Girl Criminal--Esther Mitchell at Steilacoom.
Seattle, Feb 20.--Esther Mitchell, who since last July has been confined in
the county jail charged with the murder of her brother, George Mitchell, left
for the state asylum for the insane at Steilacoom this noon. The
commitment was signed by Superior Judge Frater this forenoon immediately
upon receipt of a remitter from the Supreme Court conveying a formal notification
that Judge Frater’s act in calling a lunacy commission to investigate the
mental condition of the girl was legal.
As soon as the commitment
was signed and delivered to Deputy County Clerk Stickles a certified copy was
made and given to the Chief Deputy Sheriff Ed Drew. A few minutes later Esther
Mitchell was informed of the disposition of her case and at once began
preparations to leave her cell in the woman’s ward of the jail. Mrs. Kelly,
police matron, was summoned to accompany the girl to the asylum.
Esther Mitchell received the
news to go to the asylum as stoically as she received everything that has had
to do with her since she shot her brother. Before leaving the cell, she bade
the women who had been her companions good-bye and was
in turn made the recipient of many congratulations.
Ever since she has been in
jail, Esther Mitchell has been an object of sympathy on the part of the women
who have been in her company. She has never been intimate with any of them, but
her demeanor has been kindly and all of those who came in contact with her
learned to sympathize with the pale, silent girl, who seemingly was wrapped up
in some mysterious influence, and bore none of the characteristics of her
fellow prisoners-women from the slums of the city, devoid of any but the very
basic indications of her sex.
After leaving the ward the
girl bid very cordial farewell to jailers Fred Hill and Emil Larson asking them
to tell the night jailers goodbye for her and accompanied by Police Matron
Kelley, left the building for the dock where she will take the boat for Tacoma,
from whence she will make the trip to the asylum.
Corvallis Gazette 2/22/1907 p3
--J. K. Berry and family
moved Tuesday into the Frank Woods cottage.
Corvallis Gazette 3/1/1907 p1
Feb. 22nd, 1857--Feb. 22nd, 1907
The home of Mr. and Mrs. B.
F. Seeley was the scene of a happy reunion in honor of the fiftieth anniversary
of their marriage.
Four generations were
represented at the banquet, that was served early in
the afternoon. A little child of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Oberer was the youngest
guest. Several beautiful and appropriate presents were given the “honored
ones.”
Those present were Mr. and
Mrs. B. F. Seeley, Mrs. Betty Williams of Washington Co.; Miss Marie Allen of Alsea;
G. A. Seeley, wife and children of Corvallis; E. G. Williams and wife of
Portland; T. S. Creson, wife and children of Corvallis; Mrs. F. J. Oberer and
children of Falls City; J. C. Woods and wife of Corvallis; Mrs. W. Hadley and
Mrs. W. Davis of Portland; Mr. and Mrs. W. M. Crees of Corvallis. The last
named couple are old “tried, and found true friends,
of Mr. and Mrs. Seeley.
In the evening the young
people of the family rendered an excellent program of songs and recitations,
that proved to be one of the most enjoyable features of the occasion, and one
that appealed most strongly to the hearts of Mr. and Mrs. Seeley.
On Tuesday evening Mr. and
Mrs. Crees informally entertained Mr. and Mrs. Seeley and their children. Light
refreshments were served and “the hours sped all to quickly” in social
intercourse.
Mr. and Mrs. Seeley were
married in Iowa, Feb. 22, 1857. The next year they moved to Wisconsin. Mr. Seeley
enlisted in Company M. Third Wisconsin Volunteer Cavalry, and served almost
four years. While in service, he was wounded and is still suffering from the
injury that has almost incapacitated him from manual labor.
They moved to Kansas from
Wisconsin, and thence to Oregon about 1888. They resided fro some years in
Alsea.
It is a pleasure to greet this
couple, who while wearing the crown of many winters, are living a life of youth
and Summer time, and who have endeared themselves to their friends by their
kindness, cheeriness and sterling worth.
We wish for them a happy
reunion on their diamond anniversary.
Corvallis Gazette 3/1/1907 p3
Lewis Hartley and wife have
gone to Portland and expect to bring Sophia Hartley home with them. Miss
Hartley has been in Portland for medical treatment and her many friends will be
rejoiced to learn of her recovery.
Corvallis Gazette 3/8/1907 p3
--Mr. and Mrs. Lewis Hartley
arrived from Portland, Wednesday. Their daughter, Miss Sophia, is recovering as
rapidly as can be expected from her operation for appendicitis, performed a few
weeks ago.
Corvallis Gazette 3/23/1907 p3
--Miss Sophia Hartley
returned home, Monday evening, from Portland, where she has been for some time
in the hospital. She is fully restored to health.
Corvallis Gazette 2/4/1907 p3
O. V. Hurt, the well known salesman at Kline’s, expected to leave yesterday
for the coast, in search of a location where he can take his family for the
summer. as soon as he finds such a place he will
return and take Mrs. Hurt and the little daughter to the new home. Such a
change is made necessary by the steady failure of Mrs. Hurt’s health, and if
the change proves beneficial it is uncertain when the family will return to
Corvallis, if at all. Under the circumstances Mr. Hurt’s pals are at present
unsettled. His place at Kline’s will be filled by Clifford
Gould.
Corvallis Gazette 4/2/1907 p3
--O. V. Hurt left yesterday
for the Coast. He expects to return in a few days for Mrs. Hurt who is to be taken to some place yet to be selected for the benefit of
her health.
Corvallis Gazette 4/9/1907 p4
--Mr. and Mrs. Lewis Hartley
departed Saturday for the Bohemia mines.
Corvallis Gazette 4/12/1907 p3
--O. V. Hurt returned
Tuesday from the coast where he went in search of a location for the summer. Over
at Waldport, or more exactly, two miles from that place, on the coast, he found
an ideal ranch of a few acres, with a nine room house
and other good buildings, so acres of meadow land a first class garden lot. Here
Mr. Hurt’s search came to an end, and tomorrow he departs with his family for
that place, accompanied by Miss Sophia Hartley. It is hoped the change may
prove beneficial to Mrs. Hurt , whose health has of
late been very poor.
--Mrs. Elizabeth Starr moved
this week into the house one door south of her son, Clarence Starr’s home.
Benton County Republican 4/11/1907 p3
O. V. Hurt returned home
Tuesday from Waldport, where he has taken a 160 acre farm. He has since been
packing up ready to move his family to this new home.
Corvallis Gazette 4/15/1907 p3
J. K. Berry returned Tuesday from a business trip to the coast.
Chapter of Holy Rollers where these articles are some of the sources:
Chapter 29: Poison?
***
December 17, 1906: Sad Christmas For Holy Roller
April 30, 1907: Esther Mitchell Still Believe in Creffield & His Return
***
Newspaper Articles about Creffield & the Holy Rollers
1897-1903: B.C. (Before Creffield)
October to December 1903:Holy Rollers Burn Furniture & Pets
January to March, 1904: Holy Rollers Tarred and Feathered
April to June 1904: Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum
July 1904: Creffield is Found & Arrested
September 1904: Creffield's Trial
April 1906: Men are Gunning For Creffield
May 1906: Creffield is Murdered, Murderer is Considered a Hero
May 1906: Holy Rollers Found Starving Near Heceta Head
June 1906: George Mitchell's Trial Begins
July 1906: Hurt Testifies of Debauched Wife and Debased Sisters
July 1906: Esther Mitchell Kills Her Brother
August to October 1906: Seattle Prepares for another Big Trial
November 1906: Maud Hurt Creffield Commits Suicide
April 1909-August 1914: Esther Leaves the Asylum
1953 Stewart Holbrook's Murder Without Tears
1951Startling Detective Magazine, Nemesis of the Nudist High Priest
***
Chapters from
Holy Rollers: Murder & Madness in Oregon's Love Cult
Part 1: The Seduction
Chapter 1: Trust Me, Brothers And Sisters
(Life Before Creffield [B.C.])
Chapter 2: God, Save Us From Compromising Preachers
(Creffield's Preachings)
Chapter 3: The Flock
(Profiles of the Holy Rollers Were)
Chapter 4: The Holy Rollers
(Things Start to Get Wild on on Kiger Island)
Chapter 5: Housecleaning
(There's a Sacrificial Bonfire)
Chapter 6: Community Concerns
(Officers Visit)
Chapter 7: Esther, The Chosen One
(Creffield Plans to Marry 16-Year- Old)
Chapter 8: Tar and Feathers
(The Men of Corvallis Act)
Chapter 9: Sane People Don’t Go Bareheaded
(Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum)
Chapter 10: More Beast Than Man
( Creffield is Arrested)
Chapter 11: God Will Plead Creffield's Case
(Creffield in Court)
Chapter 12: Scandal
(Shocking Testimony at the Trial)
Chapter 13: Calm Before the Storm
(The Holy Rollers Resume their Lives)
Chapter 14: Giving Up The Ghost
(Men are Gunning for Creffield)
Part Two: The People V. Creffield
Chapter 16: The Widow Creffield
Chapter 19: An Inherited Streak of Insanity
Part Three: The Madness
Chapter 23: Seeking Reconciliation
Chapter 24: Another Holy Roller Page One Murder
Chapter 25: What Can Papa Do For You?
Chapter 26: Human Life is Too Cheap In This Community
Chapter 30: The Final Chapter
(What Happened to Everyone Afterwards)
The Epilogue
(Heaven's Gate)