Creffield and the Holy Rollers made page one headlines from 1903 to 1907. When I was researching Holy Rollers: Murder and Madness in Oregon’s Love Cult I spent months transcribing hundreds of articles. I’m not sure why I was so obsessive. Maybe it was my way of immersing my self into a cult without joining one. Anyway, I’m posting them all for those who are really interested in the story, or are interested the history of journalism, or are interested in how a scandalous story played out in the "media" in a by gone era. Since I no doubt made typos and unconsciously corrected papers' typos, these web pages should not be cited in anything serious (e.g. your dissertation). For such projects they should only be used as starting points and you should refer to the original sources. If you want a shorter version of the story, buy my book. Enjoy.
July 22, 1904: Holy Roller on Death Row
Oregon Daily Journal (Portland) 7/22/1904 p1
Thinks Williams May Tell All
“I Have Confesses to God.” Mrs. Cross Says Murdered
Told Her--’Confess to Man.’ She Urged---He’s a Holy Roller.”
(From a Staff Correspondent)
The Dalles, Or., July 22.--Daniel Norman Williams has become a Holy
Roller. Through the efforts of Mrs. J. H. Cross, a prominent adherent of that
faith, the condemned man awaiting execution for the murder of Mrs. L. J.
Nesbitt and her daughter, Alma, has become a disciple of the doctrine made
famous in Oregon by Apostle Joshua Creffield. And to Mrs. Cross, his religious
tutor, in the privacy of his cell, Williams has virtually confessed his crimes.
The confession is not
complete. Though often moved to tears when urged by Mrs. Cross to confess his
deeds “before all men,” as she says is required by the scriptures, Williams
would hesitate and finally say he wanted more time. If he gets no new trial on
his appeal to the Supreme Court he may speak.
“He tells me that he has
confessed to God,” answered Mrs. Cross in response to a question. I begged him
to confess before all men. He was moved to tears several times by my entreaties
and was evidently in an awful state of mental torture. But he always hesitated.
I think he will confess sooner or later because he admitted to me that he is
not saved.
CONVERSION NOT THOROUGH
In just 11 words Mrs. Cross
naively suggests an explanation of Williams’ hesitancy about making a public confession which will appeal to all familiar with the
circumstances.
“I think he will confess if
he gets no new trial,” she remarked. In these words the Holy Roller proselyte
tacitly admitted her doubt of the genuineness of the conversion of Williams.
In this city the disciples of
Holy Rollers are known simply as members of the “Mission.” The word “Holy
Roller “ is repugnant to them. Mrs. Cross is the wife of a prosperous grocer. Her
daughter is also a convert to the doctrines advocated by the peculiar sect. It
was shortly after his trial and conviction that Mrs. Cross began to visit
Williams. She was shown a little more consideration than others who had called
to see him by Williams on the occasion of her first visit.
PRISONER GROWS PIOUS
The woman took books and
pamphlets dealing with religious subjects to the condemned man, however, and in
these he soon became much interested. The result was that when she returned he
was in a more hospitable humor and the two had a lengthy conversation. Since
then Mrs. Cross has called on Williams on an average of twice a week. In fact,
she is the only visitor he has ever consented to receive. She soon began to
urge him to accept salvation and between her arguments and pondering over the
religious works given him for perusal Williams soon became most pious in his
demeanor.
One day last week when he had
been exhorted to embrace “full and free salvation” he broke down and wept like
a child, wrung his hands in anguish, Mrs. Cross says, and moaned: “Oh, I am an
awful guilty man. I have done some terrible things. But I have confessed it all
to God. I believe he will be merciful.”
“Mr. Williams, a confession
to God is necessary,” said Mrs. Cross, “but you should remember that no matter
what you have done, God knows all about it, anyhow. What he expects of you in
order to be convinced of your penitence is that you confess before all men.
ENDURES MENTAL TORTURE
Williams started to dry his
tears and after a few sobs managed to control himself. He heaved several long
sighs, opened his mouth once or twice as if to speak, and then hung his head
without saying anything. On being again urged to make a public confession he
replied: “I know that I am not
saved. I know that I must do other things. But wait. Many things may happen
yet.”
Since his conversion Williams
has appeared to be in fairly good spirits and eats and sleeps well. He is not
allowed the daily papers, by order of Sheriff C. Sexton, but is permitted to
have a magazine occasionally and all the religious books he wants. He will
accept the latter class of literature from nobody but Mrs. Cross.
“I have been here for 14
years,” said J. J. Fitzgerald, the venerable jailer, “and in that time have
been farther than three miles away from the court house only once--that was
about five or six years ago, when I took an insane man to Salem. In all those
years I have never seen a man that appears so little concerned about the
outcome of his case as does this man Williams since he took to reading
religious works. He never talks about his crimes at all, and eats and sleeps
well.
COMPLAINS OF HIS FOOD
Williams is not a model prisoner
in every sense of the word. He frequently finds fault with his meals. Sometimes
the quality does not suit him and sometimes he complains of not having enough. When
he asks for more it is given him. Previous to his trial he ordered a few pies,
but he has eaten no delicacies since that time.
Shortly after 8 o’clock in
the morning he is released from his cell and allowed in the corridor. There is
only one other inmate of the jail at present, Willard Udell, a 17-year-old boy,
who is held on the charge of running away with a girl two years younger than himself. The two prisoners frequently draw their chairs
close together and convene in low tones. Williams does not smoke, chew or
gamble.
NOW WEARS FULL BEARD
Since May 22, the day
previous to the beginning of his trial, a razor has not been used on the
prisoner’s face. He now wears a full beard and presents an appearance entirely
different from his aspect during the trial, when his face was clean-shaven.
There is one subject upon which Mrs. Cross herself is rather reticent. She does not care to discuss Williams’ conversion from a denominational standpoint. Asked if he had accepted the doctrine of the “Mission,” she answered that he had “accepted Christ as his Savior.”
Corvallis Times 7/27/1904 p4
He May Own Up
(About William’s conversion, plus …)
It was shortly after his
trial and conviction that Mrs. Cross began to visit Williams. She was shown a
little more consideration than others who had called to see him by Williams on
the occasion of her first visit.
This woman took books and
pamphlets dealing with religious subjects to the condemned man, however, and in
these he soon became much interested. The result was that when she returned he
was in a more hospitable humor and the tow had a lengthy conversation. Since
then Mrs. Cross has called on Williams on average of twice a week. In fact, she
is the only visitor he has ever consented to receive.. She soon began to urge him to accept salvation and between her arguments and
pondering over the religious works given him for perusal, Williams soon became
most pious in his demeanor. . .
Corvallis Gazette 7/29/1904 p4
Norman Williams, now in jail
at the Dalles for the murder of Mrs. Nesbitt and her daughter, Alma, has been
partially converted top the Holy Roller faith. Mrs. J. H. Cross, who is the
main instrument of his soi-disant salvation, is expecting to get him to make a
confession regarding the murders, but he hasn’t, as he says, been “saved” yet,
and so he is postponing the confession until it is decided whether he gets a
new trial by premature confession that may prejudice his case. If the new trial
is not granted, and there no other hope of his getting
off, then he is going in for full and free salvation with both feet. It looks
as if he were trying to make his Salem trip end in the asylum instead of the
penitentiary.
[Norman Williams executed in 1905. For more information, see Corvallis Times, May 10, 1905, p3]
Chapter of Holy Rollers where these articles are some of the sources:
Chapter 9: The Holy Rollers are Committed to the Insane Asylum
***
June 29, 1904: Sarah Hurt is Committed
July 29, 1904: Creffield Found Half Dead Under Hurt’s House
***
Newspaper Articles about Creffield & the Holy Rollers
1897-1903: B.C. (Before Creffield)
October to December 1903:Holy Rollers Burn Furniture & Pets
January to March, 1904: Holy Rollers Tarred and Feathered
April to June 1904: Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum
July 1904: Creffield is Found & Arrested
September 1904: Creffield's Trial
April 1906: Men are Gunning For Creffield
May 1906: Creffield is Murdered, Murderer is Considered a Hero
May 1906: Holy Rollers Found Starving Near Heceta Head
June 1906: George Mitchell's Trial Begins
July 1906: Hurt Testifies of Debauched Wife and Debased Sisters
July 1906: Esther Mitchell Kills Her Brother
August to October 1906: Seattle Prepares for another Big Trial
November 1906: Maud Hurt Creffield Commits Suicide
April 1909-August 1914: Esther Leaves the Asylum
1953 Stewart Holbrook's Murder Without Tears
1951Startling Detective Magazine, Nemesis of the Nudist High Priest
***
Chapters from
Holy Rollers: Murder & Madness in Oregon's Love Cult
Part 1: The Seduction
Chapter 1: Trust Me, Brothers And Sisters
(Life Before Creffield [B.C.])
Chapter 2: God, Save Us From Compromising Preachers
(Creffield's Preachings)
Chapter 3: The Flock
(Profiles of the Holy Rollers Were)
Chapter 4: The Holy Rollers
(Things Start to Get Wild on on Kiger Island)
Chapter 5: Housecleaning
(There's a Sacrificial Bonfire)
Chapter 6: Community Concerns
(Officers Visit)
Chapter 7: Esther, The Chosen One
(Creffield Plans to Marry 16-Year- Old)
Chapter 8: Tar and Feathers
(The Men of Corvallis Act)
Chapter 9: Sane People Don’t Go Bareheaded
(Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum)
Chapter 10: More Beast Than Man
( Creffield is Arrested)
Chapter 11: God Will Plead Creffield's Case
(Creffield in Court)
Chapter 12: Scandal
(Shocking Testimony at the Trial)
Chapter 13: Calm Before the Storm
(The Holy Rollers Resume their Lives)
Chapter 14: Giving Up The Ghost
(Men are Gunning for Creffield)
Part Two: The People V. Creffield
Chapter 16: The Widow Creffield
Chapter 19: An Inherited Streak of Insanity
Part Three: The Madness
Chapter 23: Seeking Reconciliation
Chapter 24: Another Holy Roller Page One Murder
Chapter 25: What Can Papa Do For You?
Chapter 26: Human Life is Too Cheap In This Community
Chapter 30: The Final Chapter
(What Happened to Everyone Afterwards)
The Epilogue
(Heaven's Gate)