Creffield and the Holy Rollers made page one headlines from 1903 to 1907. When I was researching Holy Rollers: Murder and Madness in Oregon’s Love Cult I spent months transcribing hundreds of articles. I’m not sure why I was so obsessive. Maybe it was my way of immersing my self into a cult without joining one. Anyway, I’m posting them all for those who are really interested in the story, or are interested the history of journalism, or are interested in how a scandalous story played out in the "media" in a by gone era. Since I no doubt made typos and unconsciously corrected papers' typos, these web pages should not be cited in anything serious (e.g. your dissertation). For such projects they should only be used as starting points and you should refer to the original sources. If you want a shorter version of the story, buy my book. Enjoy.
July 10, 1906: Mitchell Case Goes To Jury
Seattle Post Intelligencer 7/10/1906 p4
Mitchell Trial About Concluded
Slayer of Holy Roller Leader Will Soon Learn of His
Fate.
By this evening it is
expected that the fate of George Mitchell, who shot and killed Franz Edmund
Crefeld, leader of the “Holy Rollers,” in this city on the seventh of last May,
will be in the hands of the jury. The evidence is supposed to be all in, the
instructions have been prepared, and are in the hands of the court counsel for
both sides have assured Judge Frater that the argument should not take longer
than a day.
When the case was called
yesterday morning the killing of G. Meade Emory by Chester Thompson was
injected into the case. As soon as court convened Attorney Will Morris for the
defendant arose and called the attention of the court to the flag on the court
house grounds which hung at half-mast in memory of Judge Emory.
JURY NOT INFORMED
He requested the court that
the bailiffs in charge of the jury be advised to take every precaution that the
jury learn nothing of the shooting of Judge Emory until the trial of the
Mitchell case had been concluded. He also suggested that when taken out for
their daily exercise walk it be by such a route that they would not have a
chance to see the flag.
There was no objection by
the state and the instructions were given as desired.
There was the usual crowd on
hand when the case was called yesterday morning, among them being quite a
number of women. One woman who has been a constant attendant since the trial
began met the accused on the landing at the noon hour and after a few words
presented him with a large bouquet of sweet peas. Mitchell thanked her and then
proceeded down the stairs to the jail.
FAVORABLE TO DEFENSE
The witnesses for the
defense yesterday were Drs. Wotherspoon, Wright and Miles, who testified as
experts on insanity. In reply to hypothetical questions by Attorney Shipley for
the defense, if a man suffering from a delusion on one subject could be
considered insane on that one subject and rational on others, the answer to all
the medical experts was in the affirmative and favorable to the defendant.
Severe cross examination by
Deputy Prosecuting Attorney Miller failed to shake the testimony of any of the
witnesses.
When the defense rested at
4:13 o’clock in the afternoon, the state announced that the defense had closed
so suddenly that it was not prepared to state whether it would introduce any
witnesses in rebuttal. No objection being made, and adjournment was taken until
10 o’clock this morning.
HEADLINES IN
PAPERS FOR THE SAME ARTICLE
Seattle Daily Times 7/10/1906 p1
Thompson is Charged With First Degree Murder
Corvallis Times 7/13/1906
Thompson is Charged With First Degree Murder
Seattle, Wash., July 10.
Chester Thompson is charged with murder in the first degree by information
filed in the superior court this afternoon by Prosecuting attorney Mackintosh
for killing Judge George Meade Emory. The young murdered, who is a member of
one of the most prominent families in Seattle, will not be brought into court
until September. The long summer months he must spend in a cell with other
criminals.
Thompson’s mother, in
ignorance of her son’s criminal act, is dying at the family mansion. She will
not be told of her son’s crime. The mother of young Thompson and the Emory
family have been friends for two decades. Knowledge of the crime it is believed
would make her end extremely bitter.
Will H. Thompson, the father
of the boy, will be chief counsel in the defense. He is the most eloquent
speaker in the state. His friends declare that the end of the trial will mark
his death.
Seattle Star 7/10/1906 p1
Mitchell May Know Fate Before Night
Attorneys for Defense Spring a Sensation by Declining
to Address the Jury, Thereby Cutting Off the State’s Strong Argument--Move
Threw Prosecution Into Confusion and Was a Telling Blow.
Before sundown tonight
George Mitchell will know whether or not he is to suffer the penalty of the law
for the killing of Frank Edmund Creffield.
Just before the noon recess
today Attorneys Morris and Shipley rang in a surprise on the state’s attorneys
by announcing after Prosecuting Attorney Mackintosh had addressed the jury for
20 minutes, that the defendant’s attorneys would waive their right to address
the jury.
DEPENDED ON MILLER
John F. Miller, the
brilliant deputy prosecutor, was being saved by the state for the closing
address. Mr. Miller’s eloquence and logic was looked for by the state to bring
in a verdict that would at least send Mitchell to the penitentiary for a term
of years. The hope of a verdict of murder in the first degree had long since
been dispelled and all the efforts of Mr. Miller were to be devoted to securing
a verdict of any sort other than acquittal.
THROWN INTO CONFUSION
When at the conclusion of a
very able address by Prosecuting Attorney Mackintosh, Mr. Morris arose and
announced to the court that the defense would waive its right to argument, the
state’s attorneys were thrown into confusion. A brief recess was taken and
during the recess Mr. Morris informally laid before the court authorities
sustaining him in his action, which action would prevent any further argument
by the state, this cutting Mr. Miller out.
When court again reconvened
Mr. Morris briefly announced on behalf of the defendant that no further
argument would be made. Mr. Miller did what he could to stem the tide, but in
absence of any authority sustaining him in his position the court ruled with
the defense, stating, however, that if Mr. Miller could produce any authorities
at the beginning of the afternoon session that the court would listen to them.
After two hours argument
this afternoon Judge Frater ruled that the state could present its closing
argument despite the fact that the defense waived its right to address the
jury. The decision was a reversal of the opinion handed down after the recess
in the morning trial.
The state immediately waived
its right on the condition that Judge Frater explain the situation in his
charge to the jury. the defense will make no plea to the jury and the
prosecution will rest with the address of Prosecuting Attorney Mackintosh.
This morning’s session began
with the announcement by Mr. Morris that if the state would agree all argument
would be waived. Mr. Miller interposed an objection to this, but agreed in an
informal way that two hours would be sufficient for each side.
Prosecuting Attorney
Mackintosh thereupon began his brief address to the jury. He referred to the
crime as a premeditated and deliberate murder, in connection with which the
jury had no right to consider the character of the victim. The insanity plea
her referred to as the usual “insanity dodge.”
“There was no other defense
to be made,” declared Mr. Mackintosh. Caught almost at the moment of committing
the crime there was but that one defense left. Had he walked up to Creffield
and standing face to face with him, fired the fatal bullet, he might have
claimed to have committed the deed in self defense. But instead of this he laid
in wait for his victim, stepping out from a doorway as he passed, and like a
coward, shooting him in the back. There was but one defense to be made in a
case of this kind, and that was insanity.”
QUOTED A DECISION
Mr. Mackintosh then quoted
from memory from a decision handed down by Judge Orange Jacobs when that
gentleman was chief justice of the supreme court of the state.
“The world has had quite
enough of that kind of insanity,” quoted Mr. Mackintosh, “that begins just as
the sight of the slayer, ranging along the barrel of a pistol, marks a mortal
spot on the body of the victim, and ends as soon as the bullet has sped on its
fatal mission.
Mr. Mackintosh concluded
with an appeal to the jury to remember the statement each juror had made under
oath that in arriving at a verdict the character of the victim of Mitchell
would not be taken into consideration.
Seattle Star 7/10/1906 p1
Esther Mitchell Makes Her Escape
Sister Vanishes From The Matron’s Home, Where She Was
Being Held In Custody--Police Find No Trace Of Her.
Esther Mitchell, sister of
George Mitchell, now on trial for his life and who has been held as a witness
in charge of the police matron, escaped from the matron’s home yesterday
afternoon.
Yesterday forenoon, her
father called at police headquarters and asked the police to turn his daughter
over to him to be taken to the family home in Mt. Vernon, Ill.
The police refused, but a
few hours after the interview, she succeeded in making her escape from the
matron’s home.
Esther’s sister, Maud (sic),
was questioned, but claimed to know nothing of the affair and every effort to
locate the missing girl appeared futile. Esther is absolutely without means and
must stay in the city unless supplied with funds. The police think that they
will be able to locate the girl within a short time, although they will not
turn her over to the father, unless so ordered by the court.
Seattle Daily Times 7/10/1906
Mitchell Case Goes To Jury
Mitchell's Fate is Now With The Jury
Judge Frater Finishes Delivering Instructions Shortly
After Three o’clock After Unusual Procedure By Defense.
Attorney Will H. Morris Wants To Waive All Argument And
Then, After Mackintosh Opens, Rest His Case.
Court Adjourns Forenoon Session To Allow Prosecution
Time To Submit Authorities Claiming Right To Close.
by E. O. Kelsey
George Mitchell’s fate is in
the hands of the jury which, for the past two weeks, has listened to evidence
and argument on the part of the men who hope to enforce the law which they are
sworn to uphold and secure a conviction, and on the part of the men who have
tried just as hard to free him from nay punishment for the killing of Joshua
Creffield on the morning of May 7. The case went to the jury shortly after 3
o’clock this afternoon.
The defense in the case cast
a bomb into the plans of the prosecution at the opening of court this morning
by waiving argument after Prosecuting Mackintosh had made the opening argument
for the prosecution. Mr. Miller, also for the state objected, stating that
there was no law to sanction such a procedure, but Judge Frater ruled with the
defense, although he agreed to let the final decision on the matter go over
until 1:30. The court also stated that he had not expected anything of the kind
and was not prepared with his instructions to the jury, which were in the hands
of the stenographer.
At 1:30 Mr. Miller submitted
a number of authorities in support of his contention. He was opposed by Mr.
Morris for the defense, but Judge Frater stated that, while in ordinary cases,
he would hold with the defense, in this case he would permit Mr. Miller to
close. Mr. Miller stated that if it was agreeable to the defense to have the
jury instructed that both sides waived further argument, he would be willing to
do so. This was agreed to by Mr. Morris and the jury was brought in and
instructed.
It looked for awhile this
morning as if the case would have to go over until this afternoon without any
progress whatsoever, for H. E. Start, one of the jurors, who has been ailing
for the past day or so, became suddenly ill after the jury had been brought
from the hotel to the jury room, and it was deemed advisable to call Dr. J. B.
Loughary. The doctor, after an examination, stated to the court and attorneys
interested in the case that Start was suffering from cholera morbus, and that
it would hardly be advisable for him to take his seat in the jury box under the
circumstances.
Mr. Morris for the defense
and Messrs. Mackintosh and Miller for the state discussed the matter with Judge
Frater and it was finally decided to leave the matter with the juror and abide
by his decision. In answer to a question from Bailiff Vincent, Star said that
he would try and carry out his duties and the jury was then brought into court.
There was a fear that he might become so ill as to preclude all hope of
continuing the trial and thus make it necessary to draw another jury and go
over the entire proceedings again.
WOULD WAIVE AGREEMENT
When court opened Mr. Morris
said: “May it please the court, your honor, we offer to submit our case without
argument. We realize that every one concerned in this trial has been placed to
considerable inconvenience and are anxious to bring proceedings to a speedy
close. We are willing to let the case go to the jury on the instructions of the
court.”
Mr. Miller objected, saying:
“On behalf of the state, may it please the court, we would gladly accede to the
suggestion of counsel, were it not for the fact that deem it our duty to
proceed as is customary. It is not for personal reasons that I oppose the
suggestions of counsel, but because of the fact that I feel we would not be
doing our duty by the state if we agreed to waive the right to which we are
entitled under the law.
When Mr. Miller had finished
Attorney Shipley said: “Your honor, as the offer of the defense will agree that
a limit of two hours be placed on the arguments for either side.” Judge Frater
stated that in cases of this kind there was no limit to the time of either
side’s argument and that the records need not show any agreement in this
respect.
Mr. Morris wanted to know if
the court would sit as a sort of umpire and call time when either side had
reached the two-hour limit.
Again the court refuse to
take any part in the limitation of time and it was then agreed between the
attorneys interested that the arraignments for either side should be limited to
two hours. With this understanding Prosecuting Attorney Macintosh opened for
the state.
OPENS FOR STATE
Prefacing his argument with
the customary “may it please the court and gentlemen of the jury,” Mr.
Mackintosh dwelt for a few moments on the tediousness of the trial and on the
presupposed desire of all concerned to have it over as soon as possible. He
stated that the defendant had seen Creffield when the latter was a block and a
half away from the scene of the shooting and that Mitchell had waited until his
intended victim had passed before he approached him from behind and “fired the
cowardly shot.” Mr. Mackintosh stated that the question before the jury was
whether or not the facts of the killing constituted a deliberate and
premeditated murder or not:
“There are three defenses in
a case of a killing of one man by another,” said Mr. Mackintosh. “One of these
is that of self defense, another is where the murderer makes his escape and
then tries to prove an alibi, and the third is, as in this case, where the man
is caught in the act and then sets up the plea of insanity; all other defenses
having been eliminated by the nature of the crime and the conditions
surrounding it.”
Mr. Mackintosh told the jury
of the difficulties which the prosecution had been placed under because of the
peculiar nature of the evidence admitted to establish the insanity claim,
saying that there was no way in which the statements of the various witnesses
as to the doings of the Holy Rollers could be refuted. It was pointed out that
even had these statements been false, they had, according to the testimony of
the witnesses been made to the defendant, and consequently the effect on his
mind was a matter of legal consideration.
HINTS WITNESSES WERE COACHED
Mr. Mackintosh referred to
the testimony of these witnesses as having been of such a nature as to indicate
that it was prepared beforehand, and with a view of securing the acquittal of
the defendant. In this connection Mr. Mackintosh admitted that it was possibly
a good thing that Creffield had been removed from this life, but stated that
this did not justify any man in taking the law into his own hands, and went on
to point out that any man might consider himself sufficiently wronged to, in
his mind, justify taking the life of the man who had wronged him.
“No man,” said Mr.
Mackintosh, “commits a crime of this nature in his normal mind. But are we to
consider such insanity as a justification for the taking of a human life? If
so, there is scarcely a man in this community who could not secure immunity
from punishment after he had committed a murder on the plea of insanity.”
“At first the defense
attempted to establish the existence of heredity insanity; then, seeing that
this would not accomplish the purpose desired, because it could not be proven,
a change was made to an insanity resulting from an attack of the measles. In
the effort to establish this claim and also that of the defendant receiving a
divine command there is a too great correspondence in the testimony of the
witnesses. This is suspicious. Too many told the same identical story.”
Mr. Mackintosh then told how
the insanity plea had been worked and worked and for the purpose of
disqualifying this sort of a defense quoted the decision of Judge Orange Jacobs
in the case of William McAllister vs. Washington Territory, as follows:
“The world has had quite
enough of that kind of insanity which commences just as the sight of the slayer
ranging along the barrel of a pistol marks a vital spot on the body of the
victim, and ends as soon as the bullet has spend on its fatal mission.
WANTS SYMPATHY ELIMINATED
Mr. Mackintosh then urged
the members of the jury to remember that they had sworn to try the case in cold
blood and not to allow sympathy to influence them. He told them that Donna
Starr, the only sister of the defendant who had been seduced by Creffield was
of an age where she was capable of reasoning for herself, and that the fact
that she had given away to the teachings and desires of the dead man was no
reason why the defendant should come to Seattle and commit murder.
He closed by reminding the
jurors of their sworn duty to the state, cautioning them not to pay too much
attention to what he termed “expert evidence prompted by the pocketbook,” and
asked them to decide “whether a man is law in himself and whether a man is goes
out and kills another man and then comes in to plead insanity should not be
punished.
Oregon Daily Journal (Portland) 7/10/96 p1
Mitchell’s Fate Now With Jury
Final Argument Waived by Defense Which Prevents
Closing Talk by Prosecution
District Attorney Much Put Out by Being Shut Out From
Summing Up Case--All That Remains for Court Is to Instruct
The Jury and for It to Vote.
(Special Dispatch to The
Journal.)
Seattle, July 10.--Early
this afternoon the fate of George Mitchell, charged with murder in the first
degree for killing Edmund Creffield, leader of the holy rollers, will be in the
hands of the 12 men sworn to try the case according to the law and evidence. All
that remains this afternoon is for the court to instruct the jury. The case
should reach the jury by 4 o’clock at the latest.
A sensation was sprung in
the trial this forenoon. After Prosecuting Attorney Mackintosh had finished his
closing argument to the jury, Will H. Morris representing Mitchell announced
that the defense would waive all argument. He also asserted that by his waiver,
John F. Miller, the deputy prosecuting attorney, who has carried the chief
weight of the case, was precluded from making an argument to the jury as the
last speaker.
NO ARGUMENT IN CASE
John F. Miller made a long
argument tending to show that he had a right to make an argument to the jury
whether the defense wished to do so or not. The court, however, took an
opposite view of the matter and much to the disgust of Miller, who had prepared
himself for an extended argument that it was believed would shatter Mitchell’s
case, held that Miller could not make any argument.
The attorneys in the defense
were congratulated for their brilliant tactics. Miller is regarded as a
dangerous man to address a jury, and the defense by their clever play cut him
out.
Shipley of the defense, in
his opening statement, went over everything that could be said in Mitchell’s
behalf and the tactics that cut out the chief deputy as prosecuting attorney
from making a brilliant argument are regarded as extremely clever.
MITCHELL INSANE
Yesterday afternoon ended
the testimony in the case. Dr. Miles, one of the foremost medical men in the
city testified in answer to hypothetical questions that he believed Mr.
Mitchell was insane when he fired the shot that ended Creffield’s life. The
prosecution was unable to drive him for his position. He declared that any man
who believed that he had a divine command from God and did something in
pursuance of that supposed command was insane.
On cross-examination he
declared that he believed that Joseph Smith, leader of the Mormon Church, was
insane when he said he had a command from God.
Prosecuting Attorney
Mackintosh in his argument pleaded with the jury to bring in a verdict of
murder in the first degree. He said the prosecution wished for no compromise
verdict. In his closing words he said:
There is too much of this
insanity in the world that commences when the eye takes sight along the barrels
of the revolver and marks out a vital spot and ends when the bullet has arrived
at the end of its mission of death.”
Evening Telegram (Portland) 7/10/1906
No Argument For Mitchell
Defense Springs Surprise And Cuts Off Further
Speechmaking.
Acquittal is Likely
Case Of Creffield’s Slayer Will Be In Jury’s Hands
Today.
[Telegram Coast Special]
SEATTLE, Wash., July
10.--Mitchell’s attorneys today submitted their case to the jury without argument
and before night the fate of Creffield’s slayer should be known. A technical
argument will consume a few minutes this afternoon, then the court’s
instructions will be given and the case rests with Mitchell’s peers.
The action of the defense
was a startling denouncement, and one for which the state was wholly
unprepared. Early in the morning session Attorney Morris announced the defense
was willing to submit the case without any argument, but the state wanted to
talk. County Attorney Kenneth Mackintosh made an impassioned appeal to the jury
and the state expected to draw an answer from the defense. Instead, when
Mackintosh finished.
Attorney Morris arose and
repeated that the defense had no argument to make. He declared that the jurors
were worn out and the issue was clear to the court and jury. Juror H. E. Start
had suffered from illness during the night and a physician was called to treat
him this morning. Attorney Morris cited this fact for hurrying through the case
and rested.
Deputy County Attorney John
F. Miller, who had prepared to tear the defense’s arguments to shreds, and who
was to have made the principal speech for the state, attempted to address the
jury, but the court refused to allow him. Judge Frater held that the defense
had the right to close as it saw fit. Since the defense would make no argument
he refused to allow Miller to speak.
Mr. Miller asked for time to
produce authorities, but precedent is all against him, and the court, in every
probability will refuse him a chance to speak this afternoon. In any event, the
case will go to the jury early. Not even the prosecution expects a conviction,
for the state has been convinced for a week that its case was lost.
County Attorney Mackintosh’s
argument was an appeal on the evidence, laying stress on the necessity for
proving insanity. He insisted the defense had not shown Mitchell was unbalance.
He did not get in any reference to the Emory tragedy, but, in closing, Mr.
Mackintosh quoted from a thrilling charge to the jury delivered by Judge Jacobs
of King County in territorial days, when he questioned the sanity of a murderer
capable of sighting calmly along a pistol barrel at his victim and of adopting
all precautions for his own safety.
Corvallis Times 7/10/1906 p4
Levens’ Letter
For Revival of Rollerism--What They did to Levens
when Creffield got tar and Feathers.
“If there were to be a
revival of Holy Rollerism, I would be the natural leader, but I do not intend
to take any further interest in that faith. I do not know what others intend to
do, but if they wish to practice that doctrine any more, they will have to
float in their own boats.”
That was the statement of
Maud Hurt Creffield made to her father in Seattle before Hurt left there. It
was brought out by a report in circulation there to the effect that an effort
is to be made to get former Creffield followers together for the purpose of
continuing worship in that faith. The report had wide publicity, and according
to it, Levins; a former Corvallis man, and former member of Creffield’s
followers wrote letters inviting all the Rollers to assemble at a point in
British Columbia where he could take up the leadership and resume Roller
orgies.
It turns out, however, that
the only letter written by Levens was to Maud Hurt at Seattle, and that the
letter was not an invitation to her to go to British Columbia, but an ordinary
epistle, such as any person similarly situated would write. The writer added
incidental to other things that if Mrs. Creffield was in need of assistance
that he would be glad to serve her as far as possible.
That was the only letter
written by Levens, and that is all there is to a concerted movement for a
Roller Revival. None of the faith in Corvallis have received letters from
Levens or from others on the subject. The Seeley girls, former members of the
Corvallis Rollers are now at the place where Levens lives, and that is supposed
to have given rise to the report.
The incident recalls a
little incident in the career of Levens. He and a man named Campbell were with the
others in the house across the Willamette the night Brooks and Creffield were
tarred and feathered. With Creffield and Brooks, they were brought by the
vigilantes across the Willamette to the place of operations. They were
commanded along with the bogus prophets to strip, and like their chief, were
quick to obey. There was but little faltering or hesitation when orders were
given that night. After tar and feathers had been applied in beautiful
profusion to Creffield and Brooks the vigilantes turned to Campbell and Levens.
On the top of the head of each a gob of tar was poured and in it feathers were
stuck, giving the men the appearance of Indian chiefs. With these and a little
daubing in another place or two, Levens and Campbell were let off. Nobody ever
say either of them afterward in Corvallis. They got away with great dispatch,
and the late letter from Levens is the first heard of him by the general
public. Levens worked around Corvallis for some time, having at one time
engaged in logging. Campbell worked some with him in the latter employment.
Campbell was a bald headed man and the tar on the top of his pate is said to
have given him a dashing appearance.
Maud Hurt’s declaration that
she has done with Rollerism, and a similar announcement by Frank Hurt makes it
pretty likely that there will be no more of that wretched practice. In fact,
when George Mitchell pulled the trigger of his revolver in front of a Seattle
drug store on that late eventful morning, he laid low the incarnation of
Rollerism, and provided for its oblivion for all of which the public owes him
thanks.
Morning Oregonian (Portland) 7/11/1906 p4
Blesses the Newspapers
Hurt Rejoices Over the Acquittal of Young Mitchell.
CORVALLIS, Or., July
10.--(Special.)-- The news of the verdict in the Mitchell case was received
here with universal satisfaction. such an outcome of the case had been
generally expected, but the actual realization that the case was ended, and
that Mitchell was free, relieved the tension, and put the people of this town in
an excellent humor.
By nobody was the verdict
more warmly appreciated than by Victor Hurt, the man who has suffered more than
any other at the hand of rollerism, and whose testimony did so much to turn the
tide to flowing in young Mitchell’s favor in the late trial. Mr. Hurt said:
The verdict buries Rollerism
forever. It went to the grave with Creffield, and can no more rise from there
than he did. He was the lifeblood of the cult, and had a power over individuals
that was unaccountable, and that in its effectiveness for his purposes was
beyond what the public even dreams. for lack of that power, no other individual
would be able to gather the late followers of the cult together, and exert even
a small part of the influence over them that was wielded by Creffield.
“The incident of Rollerism
is closed. It is past history, and I thank God and the Seattle jury for it. And
to Will H. Morris and Silas M. Shipley, whose untiring efforts on entirely
inadequate compensation have done so much to secure the verdict of acquittal,
immense credit is due. Finally, The Oregonian and other Portland papers, and
the Seattle papers, whose influence was exerted from the first on the side of
right and justice, have aided materially in helping to stamp out this guilty
cult from the Northwest. God bless newspapers of the country.
“In conclusion, I desire to
add that it is a solemn thing to take a human life. Few are the times that such
an act is justifiable. But it is also a solemn thing to enter a household and
take the light and happiness out of it, or to enter a mind and take its sanity
away. If George Mitchell did the one, it was because someone else did the
other, not once, but many times. I hope all the past Rollerism is buried, and
that this is to be my last public or private utterance on the hated subject..”
Morning Oregonian (Portland) 7/11/1906 p4
Murder Cases Won by
Attorneys
SEATTLE, Wash., July
10.--attorneys Morris and Shipley, who conducted the case, were congratulated
on many sides for their efforts in the defendant’s behalf. this is Mr. Morris’s
12th first-degree murder case, in all of which an acquittal has been secured.
The most prominent ones were:
State vs. Bradley, for killing the seducer of his daughter on a public thoroughfare in this city about six years ago; jury was out one hour and five minutes. State vs. Shomo, for killing Maughbacher. The Considine brothers, for killing Chief of Police Meredith in this city; Mike Bartlett, a wealthy Klondiker, for shooting his wife three times with a 45 caliber on Pike Street, this city three years ago. the jury was out 45 minutes in this case, after a trial lasting several weeks.
Chapter of Holy Rollers where these articles are some of the sources:
Chapter 21: Two Other Murders
***
July 9, 1906: Killing of Judge Emory May Effect Mitchell
***
Newspaper Articles about Creffield & the Holy Rollers
1897-1903: B.C. (Before Creffield)
October to December 1903:Holy Rollers Burn Furniture & Pets
January to March, 1904: Holy Rollers Tarred and Feathered
April to June 1904: Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum
July 1904: Creffield is Found & Arrested
September 1904: Creffield's Trial
April 1906: Men are Gunning For Creffield
May 1906: Creffield is Murdered, Murderer is Considered a Hero
May 1906: Holy Rollers Found Starving Near Heceta Head
June 1906: George Mitchell's Trial Begins
July 1906: Hurt Testifies of Debauched Wife and Debased Sisters
July 1906: Esther Mitchell Kills Her Brother
August to October 1906: Seattle Prepares for another Big Trial
November 1906: Maud Hurt Creffield Commits Suicide
April 1909-August 1914: Esther Leaves the Asylum
1953 Stewart Holbrook's Murder Without Tears
1951Startling Detective Magazine, Nemesis of the Nudist High Priest
***
Chapters from
Holy Rollers: Murder & Madness in Oregon's Love Cult
Part 1: The Seduction
Chapter 1: Trust Me, Brothers And Sisters
(Life Before Creffield [B.C.])
Chapter 2: God, Save Us From Compromising Preachers
(Creffield's Preachings)
Chapter 3: The Flock
(Profiles of the Holy Rollers Were)
Chapter 4: The Holy Rollers
(Things Start to Get Wild on on Kiger Island)
Chapter 5: Housecleaning
(There's a Sacrificial Bonfire)
Chapter 6: Community Concerns
(Officers Visit)
Chapter 7: Esther, The Chosen One
(Creffield Plans to Marry 16-Year- Old)
Chapter 8: Tar and Feathers
(The Men of Corvallis Act)
Chapter 9: Sane People Don’t Go Bareheaded
(Holy Rollers are Committed to the Asylum)
Chapter 10: More Beast Than Man
( Creffield is Arrested)
Chapter 11: God Will Plead Creffield's Case
(Creffield in Court)
Chapter 12: Scandal
(Shocking Testimony at the Trial)
Chapter 13: Calm Before the Storm
(The Holy Rollers Resume their Lives)
Chapter 14: Giving Up The Ghost
(Men are Gunning for Creffield)
Part Two: The People V. Creffield
Chapter 16: The Widow Creffield
Chapter 19: An Inherited Streak of Insanity
Part Three: The Madness
Chapter 23: Seeking Reconciliation
Chapter 24: Another Holy Roller Page One Murder
Chapter 25: What Can Papa Do For You?
Chapter 26: Human Life is Too Cheap In This Community
Chapter 30: The Final Chapter
(What Happened to Everyone Afterwards)
The Epilogue
(Heaven's Gate)